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Curriculum Development and Textbooks in Singapore. Dr Ang Wai Hoong Singapore. Reliance on imported textbooks MOE started on Civics textbooks Published by MOE EPB. 1965 1969. Pioneering efforts in textbook development by MOE Civics textbooks in four languages
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Curriculum Development and Textbooks in Singapore Dr Ang Wai Hoong Singapore
Reliance on imported textbooks MOE started on Civics textbooks Published by MOE EPB 1965 1969 • Pioneering efforts in textbook development by MOE • Civics textbooks in four languages • Designed textbooks for innovative teaching 1970 1979 Institutionalized innovation in textbook development Curriculum Development Institute of Singapore (CDIS) setup to provide textbooks for Primary and Secondary levels of the New Education System 1980 1996 CDIS closed in 1996. MOE focused on curriculum frameworks and syllabuses * commercial publishers provide textbooks * MOE authorize and approve 1997 to-date Evolution of Curriculum and Textbook Development 1965 to present
Syllabuses to Teaching Materials MOE SyllabusesTeachersStudents ProvideObjectivesSelect,prepareUse & learn Content topicsteachingmaterialsteacher-prepared ApproachTeachmaterials
Transmit knowledge, skills, attitudes, values Shortage of qualified and well-trained teachers Lack of relevant teaching and learning resources High stakes examinations influence placement in good schools, scholarship/bursary award, job prospects Importance of Textbooks
Vernacular Schools showed strong orientation to migrants’ motherland MOE set up Education Publication Bureau (EPB)- publish textbooks for Civics and Mother Tongue languages Phase I 1965 - 1969
Commercial publishers supplied textbooks MOE provided textbooks for innovative projects to improve teaching and learning Education for Living Integration of Civics, History and Geography in Mother Tongue languages Primary Pilot project Integration of English, Mathematics and Science Phase II 1970 - 1979
Chinese Language Project Emphasis on oracy and literacy Lower Secondary Science Emphasis on concepts, scientific skills and attitudes Phase II 1970 - 1979 Both projects joined CDIS and were successfully implemented in schools
Implementation of New Education System (NES) Curriculum Development Institute of Singapore (CDIS) set up to develop quality textbook packages On time for sale and use in schools Affordable prices Phase III 1980 - 1996
MOE C D I S Writing Teams Administration Department Department of Education Technology Languages Humanities Mathematics & Science Structure of CDIS
Main Functions of CDIS • Administrative Department • Human Resource • Staff • Production • Specification • Time lines • Work with Publishers • Tenders • Publication dates • Costs/pricing • Project Team • Develop conceptual framework • Write materials • Trial material in Schools • Assist in evaluation by NIE • Conduct dissemination workshops Department of Education Technology Develop Audio Visual materials Produce Educational Television Programs Provide imported AV materials for loan to Schools Conduct workshops on the use of Education Technology for teachers
Generally one textbook and work/activity book per grade per subject in primary and secondary levels Each textbook and work/activity book published in two parts for two semesters a year preserve better lighter to carry Requirements of Textbooks
CDIS closed in 1996 Curriculum Planning and Development Division Prepares syllabuses (except Civics and Moral Education and Mother Tongue languages) for commercial publishers Controls authorization process to ensure quality and affordable prices of textbooks Lists all approve textbooks and prices on website Phase IV 1997 to present
1965 1969 Imported textbooks Imported textbooks Locally published textbooks Library resources 1970 1979 CDIS multimedia textbooks packages Imported textbooks Locally published textbooks Library resources 1980 1996 Local commercially published textbooks Imported textbooks Commercially available multimedia teaching resources (computer softwares, websites, e-books) Library multimedia resources 1997 to-date Available Teaching Resources
Scarce resources - textbooks important Plentiful resources - textbooks useful Singapore’s Experience
Textbooks transmit National values – nation building Knowledge and skills – national development Singapore’s Experience
CDIS (MOE) collaboration with commercial publishers produced Quality textbook Affordable prices Singapore’s Experience
Dissemination workshops to model effective use of textbooks for teachers to adopt teaching approaches teach content prescribed by MOE syllabuses to achieve desired outcomes Singapore’s Experience
MOE authorization process ensures Quality textbooks Affordable prices Singapore’s Experience
Textbooks for all students Parents to buy textbooks MOE free textbook scheme for needy students Assistance from schools and other organizations Singapore’s Experience