1 / 36

GIS Applications in Civil Engineering Carolyn J. Merry Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Geodetic Sci

GIS Applications in Civil Engineering Carolyn J. Merry Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Geodetic Science College of Engineering merry.1@osu.edu. Civil Engineering Applications. Transportation Watershed analysis Remote sensing. Location-Allocation.

benjamin
Download Presentation

GIS Applications in Civil Engineering Carolyn J. Merry Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Geodetic Sci

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GIS Applications in Civil EngineeringCarolyn J. MerryDept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Geodetic ScienceCollege of Engineeringmerry.1@osu.edu

  2. Civil Engineering Applications • Transportation • Watershed analysis • Remote sensing

  3. Location-Allocation • Finding a subset of locations from a set of potential or candidate locations that best serve some existing demand so as minimize some cost • Locate sites to best serve allocated demand • Application areas are warehouse location, fast food locations, fire stations, schools

  4. Location-Allocation Inputs • Customer or demand locations • Potential site locations and/or existing facilities • Street network or Euclidean distance • The problem to solve

  5. Location-Allocation Outputs • The best sites • The optimal allocation of demand locations to those sites • Lots of statistical and summary information about that particular allocation

  6. Initial Configuration (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  7. Available Sites (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  8. Final Configuration (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  9. Vehicle Routing (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  10. Synergy between spatial data and analysis • Imagine you are a national retailer • You need warehouses to supply your outlets • You do not wish the warehouses to be more than 1000 km from any outlet (Example from Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  11. Demand (population density) (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  12. Possible Candidate Sites…? (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  13. Feasible Candidate Sites (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  14. Optimal One Site (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  15. Optimal Two Sites (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  16. Optimal Six Sites (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  17. Optimal Nine Sites (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  18. Coverage vs. Distance (From Jay Sandhu, ESRI)

  19. Other Transportation Applications • Planning & locating new roadway corridors (from NCRST-E)

  20. Transportation – Emergency Operations • Transportation maps are critical • Disaster response plans can be developed • Outside computer models used for advance warnings • Land use maps enhance emergency operations

  21. Evacuation scenario (1 exit route) (2 exit routes) (from NCRST-H)

  22. Watershed Characterization • Relate physical characteristics to water quality & quantity • Data – land use & land cover, geology, soils, hydrography & topography – related to hydrological properties

  23. Watershed Applications • Estimate the magnitude of high-flow events, the probability of low-flow events • Determine flood zones • Identify high-potential erosion areas • For example, BASINS, HEC-RAS, MIKE11 models integrated with GIS

  24. Cross sections Boundary conditions cross sections assumed cross sections  boundary conditions gaging station water treatment plant  wastewater treatment plant

  25. 03231500

  26. Slope Stability Analysis • Derive physical characteristics • area, perimeter, flow path length, maximum width, average closing angle, watershed topology, soil data • Derive watershed characteristics • watershed boundaries, drainage network, slope & aspect maps

  27. Portage River Basin, Ohio DEM with drainage network Watersheds Hydrologic models USGS empirical method TR55 Area- Discharge method ADAPT model Land use Soils types

  28. Remote Sensing • Image backdrop • Source of information on: • land use/land cover • vegetation type, distribution, condition • surface waters • river networks • geomorphology • monitor change

  29. 1984 Land Use Map Land use Water: 249.43 km2 Urban: 1348.53 Km2 Forest: 10700.92 km2 Agriculture: 17780.62 km2 Pasture: 175.50 km2 Grass: 2609.45 km2

  30. 1999 Land Use Map Land use Water: 268.74 km2 Urban: 2312.35 Km2 Forest: 11182.39 km2 Agriculture: 16675.65 km2 Pasture: 1308.23km2 Grass: 1518.18 km2

  31. Urban Area, 1984 Urban Area, 1999 Urban Area Change from 1984 - 1999

  32. MSS data - 19 Jun 75 MSS data - 1 Aug 86 TM data - 22 Jun 92

  33. Stream Water Quality in the Maumee River Basin Maumee River Basin 9 Landsat-7 images over the Waterville station in the Maumee River Basin were selected. A 3-by-3 pixel window over the Waterville station for each date was converted to % reflectance values. A least squares regression was used to correlate these % reflectance values with USGS ground data on suspended sediment concentration collected at the Waterville station.

  34. Suspended Sediment Concentration Model Waterville Station – Maumee River Basin, Ohio (%) Proposed Equation r Ln(Y) = -0.125 + 1.39Ln(B2) + 1.03Ln(B3/B4) 84.1 Y = Predicted Suspended Sediment Concentration (mg/L) B1,B2,B3,B4 = Reflectance (%) in ETM+ Bands 1,2,3,4

  35. W W W Scale (Km) 20 0 W 14 May 2000 (62) 27 March 2000 (56) 19 September 2000 (81) 1 July 2000 (45)

  36. Example Applications • Links to websites • The District • Urban development • Lake Superior • Rutgers University • OhioView

More Related