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Shell Protocols

Shell Protocols. Elly Bornstein Hiral Patel Pranav Patel Priyank Desai Swar Shah. Agenda. Introduction R* Utilities Secure Shell Protocol Architecture of SSH How SSH works Features and Advantages Limitations Security Concerns Tools Conclusion. Introduction. What is Shell?

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Shell Protocols

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  1. Shell Protocols Elly Bornstein Hiral PatelPranav Patel Priyank Desai Swar Shah

  2. Agenda • Introduction • R* Utilities • Secure Shell Protocol • Architecture of SSH • How SSH works • Features and Advantages • Limitations • Security Concerns • Tools • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • What is Shell? • What are Shell Protocols? • R* Utilities

  4. R* Utilities • Rlogin - allows users to log in remotely • Rcp - provides remote file transfer. • Rsh - executes a remote command through the rshd daemon • Rexec - executes a remote command through the rexecd daemon • R* Utilities Security Concerns

  5. Secure Shell Protocol (SSH) • What is SSH? • Why SSH? • Different versions of SSH • SSH-1 • SSH-2

  6. Secure Shell Architecture • Where does SSH lie in the protocol hierarchy? [Figure: Secure Shell operates at the application layer of the TCP/IP stack, Source: www.ssh.com]

  7. Secure Shell - Architecture • SSH Architecture consists of 3 components: • The Transport Layer Protocol [SSH-TRANS] • The User Authentication Protocol [SSH-USERAUTH] • The Connection Protocol [SSH-CONNECT] The complete view of SSH Architecture – arch.doc

  8. SSH Layers • SSH-TRANS • Server Authentication • Each Server must have a Host Key • Client must have prior knowledge of host keys – local database, trusted certification authority • Danger – Man in the middle attack • Confidentiality • Integrity • Key-Exchange • Compression [optional]

  9. SSH Layers – [contd.] • SSH-USERAUTH • Authenticates Client-Side User Authentication Methods: 1. Password-Based Authentication 2. Public-Key Based Authentication 3. Host-Based Authentication 4. GSSAPI Authentication Methods

  10. SSH Layers – [contd.] • SSH-CONN • Multiplexes Encrypted Channel into several logical channels • Provides services such as: • Multiple interactive and non-interactive sessions • Managing X, Port and Agent forwarding • Terminal handling • Remote program execution

  11. How SSH works? • Host Identification • Encryption • User Authentication • Access to desired services Relate back to arch.doc

  12. Features and Advantages • SSH and SFTP for secure file transfer • SSH and SCP for alternative to RCP • Port forwarding and Tunneling • Support terminal protocols for remote administration • Secure proxy connection for Internet browsing • Authentication methods: Kerberos, SecureID, RSA, etc.

  13. Limitations • Port ranges can’t be forwarded • Poor performance on older computers • Graphical applications can be started, but cannot be seen • Child processes are not killed when the user logs out

  14. Security Concerns • Man-in-the-middle attack • Denial of Service • Message replay attack • Data integrity

  15. Tools • Multi-platform • PuTTy • Conch • Windows • SecureCRT • WinSCP • Unix-like OS • LSH • OpenSSH

  16. Conclusion • Provides secure data transfer across the network • Provides the space for extensibility and options for using different algorithms • Most of the limitations and probable threats can be avoided by using proper algorithms and policies

  17. Thank You

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