Jefferson's Presidency: Achievements and Challenges

1. Notes1 JEFFERSON'S PRESIDENCY • 1. Jefferson: 1801 to 1809 • VP: Aaron Burr • The Revolution of 1800 • peaceful transfer of power • Jeffersonian Democracy • 2. Marbury vs. Madison, 1803 • Midnight appointments of Adams. • Chief Justice John Marshall • Judicial Review • Power of Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional

2. Notes2 • 3. Jefferson’s Achievements: • Secured westward expansion • Louisiana Purchase • Lewis and Clark • 4. Defends our neutrality---freedom of the seas • Barbary Pirate War—1805 • France vs Britain • Chesapeake Affair—1807 • Embargo Act—1808 to 1809 • Economic coercion • 5. Hamilton vs. Burr

3. THOMAS JEFFERSON • Born in Virginia • Graduate of William and Mary College • A practicing lawyer and member of Virginia’s House of Burgesses • Father of the DOI • Secretary of State under President Washington • Vice President under Adams • Owned 200 slaves

4. ELECTION OF 1800 • Jefferson defeats Adams in the Electoral College 73-65. • Problem: Jefferson & Burr received 73 votes each and both were Democratic-Republicans • Therefore election decided by House of Representatives

5. AARON BURR • Aaron Burr (1756-1836) • Born in Newark N.J. • Fought with the continental Army in the Revolutionary war. • A practicing lawyer in New York City against Hamilton • Vice President of the United States (1801-1805). • Kills Alexander Hamilton in a duel • Involved in the Burr Conspiracy

6. Notes1 JEFFERSON'S PRESIDENCY • 1. Jefferson: 1801 to 1809 • VP: Aaron Burr • The Revolution of 1800

7. REVOLUTION OF 1800 John S. Adams Thomas Jefferson Federalist Democratic/Republican • Significance of Election of 1800 • peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another • “revolutionary” achievement

8. Jeffersonian democracy JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY • Many historians look at this time period as the beginning of the true democracy. • Champion for the common man • Believed education would prepare them for participation in government….. • For now, educated should rule… • Believed National Government became too powerful during Adam’s Presidency • Kept most Federalist programs. WHY? • Washington/Adams laid a solid foundation for USA. • Pardoned those arrested with Sedition Act • Repealed the Whiskey tax • Kept Hamilton’s financial policies—BUS • Eliminated Alien Act

9. Notes1 JEFFERSON'S PRESIDENCY • 3. Marbury vs. Madison, 1803 • Midnight appointments of Adams. • Chief Justice John Marshall • Judicial Review • Power of Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional SCAPP (Di) - - - -> -s ->

10. Notes2 • 2. Jefferson’s Achievements: • Secured westward expansion • Louisiana Purchase

11. Spanish Land 1800 • Great Britain after the Revolution. • United States after War • Spanish land after Revolution New Orleans

12. French Land in 1801 • Great Britain after the Revolution. • United States after War • Spanish land New Orleans

13. LOUISIANA PURCHASE • 1800, France acquired Spanish Louisiana & New Orleans • Because of pressure from the westand national security threats, Jefferson offered to buy New Orleans from France • Offered Napoleon $10 million to buy New Orleans • If sale fails, instructed to seek alliance with England

14. French Land in 1801 • Great Britain after the Revolution. • United States after War • Spanish land New Orleans

15. LOUISIANA PURCHASE Louisiana purchase • Since Napoleon was at war with Great Britain he offered entire Louisiana Territory to US for $15 million • Needed the money for his war with Great Britain • Jefferson purchased Louisiana Territory for $15 million, about 3 cents an acre • Doubled the size of the US • Jefferson’s greatest accomplishment • Why? Didn’t fight a war, no blood shed.