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Accessory Organs of Digestion & Teeth

Anatomy & Physiology Mrs. Halkuff. Accessory Organs of Digestion & Teeth. What is an accessory organ?. Accessory organs produce secretions that aid the organs of the alimentary canal. Include: Salivary Glands Pancreas Liver Gall Bladder. Salivary Glands. Located in the mouth

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Accessory Organs of Digestion & Teeth

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  1. Anatomy & Physiology Mrs. Halkuff Accessory Organs of Digestion & Teeth

  2. What is an accessory organ? • Accessory organs produce secretions that aid the organs of the alimentary canal. • Include: • Salivary Glands • Pancreas • Liver • Gall Bladder

  3. Salivary Glands • Located in the mouth • 2 types of cells • Serous: Produces thin, watery amalyse • Mucus: Produces mucus that binds food particles together and lubricates them for swallowing. • Amalyse + Mucus = Saliva

  4. Parotid • Submandibular • Sublingual

  5. Pancreas • Large, elongated gland that lies posterior to the stomach. • Belongs to the endocrine & digestive systems. • Produces digestive juices that travel from the pancreatic duct to the duodenum. • Amalyse: Breaks down carbs. • Proteinase: Breaks down proteins. • Lipase: Breaks down lipids.

  6. Liver • The largest gland in the body. • Right side of the body • Produces bile to break down fats. • Breaks down nutrients & drugs in the blood. • Stores iron • Produces urea

  7. Gallbladder • Pear-shaped sac containing dark green bile. • Located on the underside of the liver. • Bile travels from the bile duct to the duodenum.

  8. Hormones of Digestion • Hormones are produced and released by mucosa cells of the stomach and small intestines. • Control Digestion: • Gastrin: Causes the stomach to produce digestive acids. • Secretin: Stimulates the pancreas and liver’s bile. • CCK: Causes pancreas to release pancreatic juice and the gallbladder to empty. • Control Appetite: • Ghrelin: Stimulates appetite when there’s lack of food in the digestive tract. • Peptide YY: Inhibits appetite when the digestive system is full.

  9. TEETH! • 2 Sets of Teeth: • Primary (Baby) Set: 20 teeth • 3 yrs-6yrs. • Permanent Set: 32 teeth • 6yrs- adulthood

  10. Types of Adult Teeth • Incisors: Used for clipping or cutting off bites of food. • 8 teeth front & center of mouth (4T, 4B) • Canines: Used for tearing & ripping food. • 4 corner teeth (2 T, 2 B) • 1st & 2nd Premolars (Bicuspids): Used for chewing & grinding food. • 8 teeth behind canines (4 t, 4 B) • 1st & 2nd Molars: Used for chewing & grinding food. • 8 teeth behind premolars (4 T, 4 B) • 3rd Molars: Used for chewing & grinding food. • Wisdom Teeth • 4 teeth behind 3rd molars (2 T, 2 B)

  11. Primary & Permanent Teeth

  12. Anatomy of a Tooth • A tooth has 2 divisions: • Crown: White, visible part of tooth above the gumline. • Root: Below the gumline and anchors the tooth in place.

  13. 4 Tissues of a Tooth • Enamel: Hard substance that covers the crown and protects from decay. • Dentin: Calcified layer beneath the enamel. • Cementum: Covers the root and “cements” it into place in the jaw bone. • Pulp: Center of the tooth that contains blood vessels & nerves.

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