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Adrenaline

Adrenaline. By: Kate Stybr. Produced. Normally produced by the specialized adrenal chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla. Target Cell.

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Adrenaline

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  1. Adrenaline By: Kate Stybr

  2. Produced • Normally produced by the specialized adrenal chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla.

  3. Target Cell • When acted on the liver and muscle cells it causes the cells to break down the complex storage carbohydrate glycogen and release extra glucose into the bloodstream. • When acted on cells in the digestive tract, it causes reduction of digestive secretions and acts on blood vessels to thrust blood away from the gut and to he brain, heart, lungs and muscles.

  4. Causes • Released in response to various signals that stimulate the gland • Stressful situations • Anger or fear • Alcohol or certain drugs • Hypoglycemia • Post-traumatic stress disorder • There is no certain time in the life cycle where adrenaline is more active

  5. Structure

  6. Entering The Target Cell • It binds to and activates what are known as adrenoeceptors on target cells. These are referred to as adrenergic receptors.

  7. Typical Amount in the Blood

  8. What It Causes Adrenaline increases blood glucose and fatty acids in the body and more energy production within the bodies cells. Further release of adrenaline further results in increased heart rate, contracted blood vessels and dilated air passages

  9. Too Much Adrenaline • Overproduction of adrenaline is very rare • Symptoms of overproduction can cause rapid heart beat, high blood pressure, anxiety, weight loss, excessive sweating and palpitations

  10. Too Little Adrenaline • Suffering from too little adrenaline is very rare • Could result in inability to prepare the body for action in response to a stressful or physically demanding situation

  11. Too Much

  12. Too Little

  13. Synthetic Replacement • Amphetamines can be used as a synthetic replacement based upon a structure closely resembling that of adrenaline

  14. Treatment for Atypical Amounts • May require no treatment • When high blood pressure or diabetes arises from adrenal glad disorders, medication can be prescribed • Tumor growth leading to adrenal glad malfunction may be surgically removed

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