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The Newborn

The Newborn. Chapter 6. Terms to Know. Neonate Intensive care nursery (ICN) Neonatal intensive care units (NICU) Brazelton scale Pediatrician. Jaundice Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) Reflexes Rooting reflex Well-baby checkup Colic. Medical Care & Testing. Premature Babies

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The Newborn

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  1. The Newborn Chapter 6

  2. Terms to Know • Neonate • Intensive care nursery (ICN) • Neonatal intensive care units (NICU) • Brazelton scale • Pediatrician

  3. Jaundice • Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) • Reflexes • Rooting reflex • Well-baby checkup • Colic

  4. Medical Care & Testing • Premature Babies • Placed in intensive care nursery • Stay in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs)-heated, enclosed beds • Neonatology-refers to the care, development, & diseases of newborns

  5. Brazelton scale • Also called the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale • Helps spot problems as early as possible

  6. Test in 4 areas • Interaction with environment-alertness & cuddliness • Motor processes-activity level & reflexes • Control of physical state; self-quieting behaviors • Response to stress

  7. Pediatricians • Doctor of infants & children who runs other tests

  8. Anemia Low level of oxygen-carrying substances

  9. PKU • a disease that can cause mental retardation http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ess.sunysb.edu/tracy/pkupage.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.ess.sunysb.edu/tracy/pku.html&h=474&w=685&sz=6&tbnid=Y_WgMTJBYIwJ:&tbnh=94&tbnw=135&start=11&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpku%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8

  10. Jaundice • skin looks yellow-liver is immature

  11. Well-baby checkup • scheduled within first few weeks

  12. Size • 7 lbs., 20 inches long • May lose weight right after birth

  13. Body Proportion • Look out of proportion compared to adults • Head is very large; ¼ total length • Chest is rounded • Stomach protrudes • Legs very short, drawn up & bowed • Almost no neck

  14. Face • Broad, flat nose • Tiny chin

  15. Cranium • Fontanels (soft spots) where skull is not closed; allows brain to grow • Closes between 1-2 years • Head may appear egg shaped from birth process-disappears within weeks

  16. Skin • Thin & dry • Blotchy • May develop rash which disappears in a week

  17. Eyes • Appear HUGE • Color often blue-gray; eye color develops around 6 months • No tears until 3 months

  18. Reflexes • Automatic responses; some needed for survival

  19. Meeting Physical Needs • Feeding • Nutritional needs are very important, because a newborn is growing so quickly • Breast-feeding is the preferred method • 12 months is recommended

  20. Advantages • Passes mother’s immunities to baby • Baby isn’t overfed • Saves time & money • Reduces allergies, ear infections & possibly SIDS and diabetes

  21. Some mother’s need to or choose to formula-feed • Always use commercially-prepared formula; no cow’s milk until 1 year • Always hold & cuddle when feeding; NEVER prop the bottle • Throw away unfinished formula • Baby needs to be burped after feeding

  22. Clothing & Dressing • Clothing needs to be comfortable, easy to put on & take off, easy to launder and suitable for the weather and safe • It should be flame-retardant & have secure fasteners & trims • Infants outgrow their clothing quickly, so they don’t need too much

  23. Diapering • Both cloth & disposable have advantages & disadvantages • Consider cost & convenience

  24. Bathing • Give sponge baths until the navel heels (about 3 weeks) • Wash baby’s face first, or “clean to dirty” • NEVER leave the baby alone- EVEN FOR A SECOND

  25. Sleeping • Baby’s average 17 hours a day • Do NOT put pillows or stuffed toys in the crib until at least 1 year old • Always place them on their BACK until 1 year old to reduce the risk of SIDS

  26. Exercising • It is important for muscle development, coordination & relaxation • A good opportunity for “bonding” with baby

  27. Scheduling • Feeding on demand is recommended • Meeting their needs helps them develop trust • You can’t spoil them in their first 6 months

  28. Meeting Intellectual Needs • Parents are a child’s first teachers • Research shows us that baby’s learn through their SENSES (eyes, ears, mouth, fingers) • They learn by imitation or copying others

  29. Helping Babies Learn • Watch for their quiet, alert state • They will fuss or turn away if over stimulated or bored • Cuddle, talk to, sing to, give them things to look at (mobiles), and things to grasp

  30. Meeting Social-Emotional Needs • All are individuals & differ in their alertness & fussiness Colic is a condition with intense abdominal pain

  31. Meeting Parent’s Needs • Need for rest • Need to organize • Need to be with other adults

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