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Ocean Products from S-NPP VIIRS Alexander Ignatov, Menghua Wang, Peter Minnett, Bob Arnone,

International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) 21-26 July 2013, Melbourne, Australia. Ocean Products from S-NPP VIIRS Alexander Ignatov, Menghua Wang, Peter Minnett, Bob Arnone, Bob Evans, Doug May, Pierre LeBorgne, John Stroup,

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Ocean Products from S-NPP VIIRS Alexander Ignatov, Menghua Wang, Peter Minnett, Bob Arnone,

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  1. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) 21-26 July 2013, Melbourne, Australia Ocean Products from S-NPP VIIRS Alexander Ignatov, Menghua Wang, Peter Minnett, Bob Arnone, Bob Evans, Doug May, Pierre LeBorgne, John Stroup, Jean-Francois Cayula, Xingming Liang, Prasanjit Dash, Boris Petrenko, Yury Kihai, Marouan Bouali, Feng Xu, Lide Jiang, Wei Shi, SeungHyun Song, Xiaoming Liu, Liquin Tan, Paul DiGiacomo, John Sapper, Giulietta Fargion, Sherwin Ladner, Paul Martinolich Affiliations: NOAA/STAR, U. Miami, NAVO, NRL/USM, EUMETSAT/Meteo France S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  2. JPSS Program – Harry Cikanek, Mitch Goldberg, Kathryn Schontz, Bill Sjoberg, Heather Kilcoyne, Eric Gottshall, Janna Feeley, Bonnie Reed, Bruce Gunther, Rosalie Marley S-NPP Project Scientist – Jim Gleason VIIRS Sensor Data Records (SDR; L1b) Team – Changyong Cao, Frank DeLuccia, Mark Liu, et al. VIIRS Cloud Mask (VCM) Team – Andy Heidinger, Denis Botambekov, Tom Kopp STAR JPSS Team – Ivan Csiszar, Laurie Rokke, Lihang Zhou JCSDA CRTM Team – Yong Han, Yong Chen, Mark Liu, Paul Van Delst, Dave Groff MOBY Team – PI: Ken Voss Acknowledgements S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  3. Outline • S-NPP, JPSS, VIIRS • VIIRS SST Products at NOAA • IDPS – Interface Data Processing Segment (IDPS) Product • ACSPO- NOAA Heritage Product (Advanced Clear-Sky Processor for Oceans) • SST Products Evaluation, NOAA & U. Miami • VIIRS Ocean Color Products at NOAA • IDPS – JPSS Interface Data Processing Segment • MSLML – NOAA heritage product • Ocean Color Products Evaluation • VIIRS Ocean Aerosol Products at MeteoFrance • Conclusion and Continuing Work S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  4. S-NPP, JPSS, VIIRS S-NPP – The Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership • Successfully launched on 28 October 2011 • Bridge from NOAA/POES & NASA/EOS – to JPSS JPSS – Joint Polar Satellite System • US - European Cooperation • US Contribution: VIIRS onboard NPP/JPSS in 1:30am/pm orbit. Planned launches: J-1 (~2017) and J-2 (2022) • European contribution: AVHRR onboard MetOpin 9:30am/pm orbit. Metop-A (Oct 2006), -B (Sep 2012), -C (~2017); METimage on EPS-SG-A (~2021) VIIRS – Visible/Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite • Builds on MODIS & SeaWiFS heritage: Multispectral imager with high spatial resolution and very good radiometric accuracy • Products: Raw Data Records (RDR; L1a); Sensor Data Records (SDR; L1b); Environmental Data Records (EDR; L2) S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  5. VIIRS Sensor Characteristics S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  6. SST Bands & NEDT (BB-based; Non-aggregated pixels) S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  7. ACSPO SST Imagery SNPP/VIIRS vs. Aqua/MODIS Gulf of Mexico 23 May 2012 – Night VIIRS SST - ACSPO and IDPS

  8. NPP/VIIRS ACSPO SST 23 May 2012 0730-0740 UTC – Night – Mapped onto 0.8km grid ACSPO_V2.10_NPP_VIIRS_2012-05-23_0730-0740_20120526.053954.hdf S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  9. Aqua/MODIS ACSPO SST 23 May 2012 0800-0805 UTC – Night – Mapped onto 0.8km grid ACSPO_V2.10_AQUA_MODIS_2012-05-23_0800-0805_20120527.093405.hdf S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  10. NIGHT STD DEV wrt. Reynolds L4 IDPS SST: Larger STD than ACSPO SST • All ACSPO SSTs – AVHRR, MODIS, VIIRS – are consistent • ACSPO products are comparable to EUMETSAT OSI SAF Metop product • IDPS VIIRS SST shows larger STD; Recently, close to spec at night • Reconciliation / Consolidation of ACSPO & IDPS products underway S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  11. VIIRS SST In family with AVHRR/MODIS SSTs CRTM V2.1 implemented New Reg. Coeff. used VIIRS recalibration N16: unstable and out of family • All AVHRRs, MODISs and NPP/VIIRS SSTs are consistent to within ±0.1K • VIIRS Cal Change 7 Mar 2012: SST +0.10K – Out of family • New SST coefficients implemented 3 May 2012: SST -0.15K – Back in family • CRTM update resulted regression SSTs more noise, and the new coefficients have been implemented since Dec. 2012. More data is needed to understand their performance S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  12. Ship radiometers: ISARs M/V Andromeda Leader M/V Horizon Spirit Mean -0.058 K, stdev = 0.417K, n = 337 ISARs are autonomous filter radiometers with two internal blackbody calibration targets. Pre- & post-deployment lab calibration against NIST-traceable calibrators. Data relayed in real-time by Iridium. VIIRS v7.0 algorithm Reference SST WindSat 5day average.

  13. Ship radiometers: M-AERIs M-AERIs, new and old, on R/V Knorr. Transit from Woods Hole to Cape Town, and an Agulhas mooring recovery cruise. Mean 0.038K, stdev = 0.318K, n = 47 Aqua MODIS Mean 0.024K, stdev = 0.201K, n = 78 VIIRS v7.0 algorithm Reference SST WindSat 5day average. Skin SST measurements from R/V Knorr. January – March 2013. M-AERIs are Fourier Transform Infrared interferometers with two internal blackbody calibration targets. Pre- & post-deployment lab calibration against NIST-traceable calibrators.

  14. VIIRS OCC EDR Algorithms • Inputs: VIIRS M1-M7 bands SDR data, terrain-corrected geo-location file, SST EDR data (not used for current OC3V chlorophyll-a algorithm), cloud mask Intermediate Product (IP), on-board calibrator IP, 7 ancillary data files, 7 lookup tables, and 1 configurable parameter file. • Outputs: - chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration- normalized water-leaving radiance (nLw’s) at bands M1-M5- Inherent Optical Properties (IOP-a and IOP-s) at VIIRS bands M1-M5 - quality flags • Three sets of algorithms in the IDPS OCC-EDR data processing: • The Gordon & Wang (1994) atmospheric correction algorithm: including corrections for ozone, Rayleigh (molecules) and aerosols, ocean surface reflection, sun glint, whitecap, and sensor polarization effects. • chlorophyll-a algorithm: currently with OC3V algorithm (heritage algorithm), with option to switch between the OC3V and Carder chlorophyll-a algorithms. • IOP algorithm: Carder IOP algorithm.

  15. NPP EDR Product Maturity Levels ✔ Beta early release product, minimally validatedversioning not established until a baseline can be determinedproduct not appropriate for quantitative scientific studiesdata available to users to gain familiarity with data formats Provisional product quality may not be optimalversion control is in effect ready for operational evaluation Validated product is well-defined over a range of different conditions ready for use in scientific researchthree separate validation stages VIIRS OC EDR Beta status declared Jan 2013 Provisional status anticipated ~Fall 2013 or early 2014

  16. Comparison with MODIS-Aqua in global deep waters With applying vicarious calibration gains, VIIRS Chlorophyll-a data are consistent with those from MODIS-Aqua.

  17. Comparison with MODIS-Aqua in global deep waters Comparison with MODIS at Global Deep Waters JAN-2012 APR-2012 Chl-a (mg/m3) OCT-2012 JUL-2012 Chl-a (mg/m3) Blue: MODIS; Red: VIIRS no v-calibration; Black: VIIRS with v-calibration

  18. Global Image comparison with MODIS-Aqua (Chlorophyll-a) Global image comparison with MODIS-Aqua VIIRS with vicarious calibration MODIS-Aqua Chlorophyll-a JAN-2012 Chlorophyll-a JAN-2012 Chlorophyll-a APR-2012 Chlorophyll-a APR-2012

  19. Global image comparison with MODIS-Aqua Global Image comparison with MODIS-Aqua (Chlorophyll-a) VIIRS with vicarious calibration MODIS-Aqua Chlorophyll-a JUL-2012 Chlorophyll-a JUL-2012 Chlorophyll-a OCT-2012 Chlorophyll-a OCT-2012

  20. NPP - VIIRS - Chlorophyll May 14, 2013 Coastal Filaments Chlorophyll

  21. NPP - VIIRS - SST May 14, 2013 Coastal Filament USM

  22. Miami algorithm removes edge-of-swath effects

  23. Saharan Dust Index 10 May, 2013 Pierre LeBorgne, MeteoFrance.

  24. Aerosol Optical Depth 10 May, 2013 Pierre LeBorgne, MeteoFrance.

  25. Conclusion and Future Work (1) SST • VIIRS excellent for SST – superior to Aqua MODIS • NOAA currently generates two global VIIRS SST products – the contractor’s IDPS and NOAA heritage ACSPO • ACSPO so far shows superior performance by all metrics • Consolidation of ACSPO and IDPS products into a single NOAA product is underway Ocean Color • Declared Beta Jan 2013 (Provisional ~ Dec 2013). VIIRS OCC EDR data are now available to the public from CLASS. • Continue working with the SDR team to improve SDR and OCC EDR products, in particular, the issue with significant sensor NIR & SWIR bands degradation. • Algorithms refinements and improvements, e.g., sun glint masking and correction, algorithms for coastal and inland waters, etc. S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  26. Conclusion and Future Work (2) Ocean Color • Significant VIIRS sensor NIR degradation is now back to normal, i.e., about 0.1-0.2% per week. • The NOAA Observing Systems Council (NOSC) has tasked NESDIS to form a tiger team to address user requirements for JPSS ocean color data reprocessing; issue for VIIRS ocean color data reprocessing has been addressed—It is planned to carry out OC data reprocessing in spring 2014. • Although there are still issues/problems, our assessment results show that VIIRS can potentially provide high-quality global ocean color products in support of research and operational applications. S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

  27. Questions? Alexander Ignatov: Alex.Ignatov@noaa.gov MenghuaWang: Menghua.Wang@noaa.gov Pierre LeBorgne: pierre.leborgne@meteo.fr Peter Minnett: pminnett@rsmas.miami.edu Thank you. S-NPP VIIRS Ocean Products

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