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Reformation: Martin Luther to John Calvin

Discover the main ideas of the Reformation, Luther's criticisms, Calvinism, Catholic Reformation, and more. Explore the spread of Calvinism, Ignatius of Loyola, and the impact on art. Engage in a comparison of Protestantism vs. Calvinism and the effects of division in Europe. Dive into the Council of Trent, the Inquisition, and artistic movements during this transformative period in history.

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Reformation: Martin Luther to John Calvin

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  1. BELLWORK 11/18 • What was the “Main Idea” of Reformation? • What were the 95 Theses? What were two of his main complaints? • How did Luther view the Pope and other members of the clergy? • What is an indulgence? • THINKER: Do you think it is possible to completely abolish corruption in the church? Why or why not?

  2. Topics of 95 Theses: Baptism Powers of clergy Rejected indulgences Removing sin Punishment for heresy Use of confession What was Luther’s “problem?”

  3. Luther’s Criticisms • Indulgences: paying for forgiveness. • The Bible was only in Latin: this allowed the pope to translate it however he wanted. • Luther’s supporters became known as Protestants because they protested against the church.

  4. Martin Luther & Protestant Reformation Reading Assignment Sale of Indulgences • Since Martin Luther was the most famous reformist we are going to read about his changes and conflicts within the Catholic church. • We will start reading the article together. • As we read, you must fill out this graphic organizer.

  5. Introduction of Calvinism The Reformation spreads……..

  6. John Calvin was a reformer who studied Protestantism. In the mid 1500’s, Calvin set up his own theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland. Theocracy: a church-run state John Calvin

  7. God possesses all-encompassing power and knowledge… not the clergy God alone directs everything that has happened in the past, present, and future. Predestination: God determines the fate of every person John Calvin’s Beliefs

  8. Calvinism • Calvinism: following the teachings of Calvin • Established a Consistory: a church council that was given the power to control almost every aspect of people’s lives. • The Consistory inspected homes to make sure no one was disobeying Calvinism. • Forbade fighting, swearing, drinking, gambling, playing cards, and dancing.

  9. The democratic structure (voting) of Calvinism made it easy to spread throughout Europe. His teachings encouraged people to overthrow “ungodly” rulers Spread of Calvinism

  10. Catholic Reformation • Many countries in Europe remained Catholic during the Protestant Reformation. • Catholic power was threatened by Protestant’s increasing popularity. • To counter this, the Catholic Church decided to enact its own reforms. • The Catholic Reformation eliminated many abuses, clarified its theology, and reestablished pope authority within the Church. (counter-Reformation)

  11. BELLWORK: November 21st • To review over the similarities/differences of Protestantism vs. Calvinism and Northern vs. Italian Renaissance – complete the following chart for bellwork

  12. REVIEW: Reformation • Explain two similarities between Martin Luther and John Calvin. • Explain two differences between Martin Luther and John Calvin. • Make a prediction  How will the Catholic church respond to the growing popularity of Protestantism and Calvinism?

  13. Catholic Reformation: pgs. 198-201 Reaffirming Catholicism Spreading Catholicism Ignatius of Loyola Jesuits Impact on spread of religion Teresa of Avila Changes to the church A Divided Europe How it was divided? Why? Effects of these divisions • Council of Trent • Purpose • Successes/changes • The Inquisition • Changes & censorship • The Arts • New forms & themes • Famous artists

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