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The Presidency

12. The Presidency. 12. Learning Objectives. Characterize the expectations for and the backgrounds of presidents and identify paths to the White House and how presidents may be removed. 12.1. Evaluate the president ’ s constitutional powers and the expansion of presidential power. 12.2.

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The Presidency

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  1. 12 The Presidency

  2. 12 Learning Objectives Characterize the expectations for and the backgrounds of presidents and identify paths to the White House and how presidents may be removed 12.1 Evaluate the president’s constitutional powers and the expansion of presidential power 12.2

  3. 12 Learning Objectives Describe the roles of the vice president, cabinet, Executive Office of the President, White House staff, and First Lady 12.3 Assess the impact of various sources of presidential influence on the president’s ability to win congressional support 12.4

  4. 12 Learning Objectives Analyze the president’s powers in making national security policy and the relationship between the president and Congress in this arena 12.5 Identify the factors that affect the president’s ability to obtain public support 12.6

  5. 12 Learning Objectives Characterize the president’s relations with the press and news coverage of the presidency 12.7 Assess the role of presidential power in the American democracy and the president’s impact on the scope of government 12.8

  6. The Presidents 12.1 • Great Expectations? • Who They Are • How They Got There Americans have high expectations for their presidents, who have come from a relatively narrow range of backgrounds. Most presidents are elected directly to that office, but about one in five succeeded to the presidency when the president died or resigned.

  7. Great Expectations? Are expectations realistic? Ensure peace, prosperity and security…”Yes we can” Power does not match responsibilities…especially in the domestic arena Cognitive dissonance?: Americans want strong leader but fear concentration of power We want government to be small and limited, yet solve all societal and economic problems We like Social Security, Medicare, National Defense and Education…We don’t like taxes…We want federal disaster assistance but rail against Fema. “The Governments too big…Where’s my government?” 12.1

  8. 12.1 “Bring in the new guy”

  9. Help Wanted What are the differences between qualifications and qualities?... What kind of qualities are necessary to be president?? Hillary?? • Position: President of the United States • Job description: Leader of the United States Executive Branch (see Art. II of the U.S. Constitution for further details • Qualifications: a. b. c. • Qualities a. b. c.

  10. Who They Are Basic requirements: Article 1, sec. 2 Natural-born citizen…Obama and the “Birthers”, Cruz?? 35 years of age or older Resident of the U.S. for previous 14 years White, male, Protestant Until John Kennedy, all presidents had been Protestant. Until Barack Obama, all presidents were white. First female president? 12.1 What?? My allegience is to this country…not the Pope. I like the sound of that

  11. Demographic Characteristics of U.S. Presidents • 100% male • 98% Caucasian • 97% Protestant • 82% of British ancestry • 77% college educated • 69% politicians • 62% lawyers • >50% from the top 3% wealth and social class • 0.5% born into poverty (James Garfield) • 69% elected from large states

  12. Presidential Benefits • $400,000 tax-free salary • $50,000/year expense account • $100,000/year travel expenses • The White House • Secret Service protection • Camp David country estate • Air Force One personal airplane • Staff of 400-500 Christmas at the White House, 2004

  13. Recent Presidents: Governors and Legislators 12.1 Net Worth of past Presidents Poor Presidents 6 Charts Compare Background of U.S. Presidents With That Of 2016 Hopefuls – And One Trend Stands Out

  14. How They Got There Elections: The Typical Road to the White House Twenty-Second Amendment (1951) Good idea?? Only 6 have chosen not to run for a 2nd term Succession? 25th Amendment (1967) Impeachment Watergate Andrew Johnson 1868 Clinton’s sex scandal 12.1 Note the date of the 25th… See any problems??

  15. 12.1 Nixon Resigns

  16. Back to that job DescriptionHail to the Chief!: Chief of State Chief Executive Chief Administrator Chief Diplomat Commander In Chief Chief Legislator Chief of the party Chief citizen

  17. Chief of State Queen Elizabeth and President Reagan, 1983 President Kennedy speaks at Berlin Wall, 1963

  18. Chief Executive President Clinton with Janet Reno, the first female Attorney General, February, 1993 President Bush holds cabinet meeting in October, 2005

  19. Chief Diplomat President Obama at the G8 Summit

  20. Commander-in-Chief President Johnson decorates a soldier in Vietnam, October, 1966 President Bush aboard U.S.S. Lincoln, May, 2003

  21. Chief Legislator President Clinton delivers the State of the Union Address, 1997 President Roosevelt signs into law the Social Security Act, 1935

  22. Chief of the Party President Reagan & Vice-President Bush accepting their party’s nomination in 1980

  23. Chief Citizen President Bush at Ground Zero after 9-11 President Obama speaks after Sandy Hook

  24. Chief Administrator

  25. Moral Persuader? President Roosevelt and the “Bully Pulpit,” 1910 President Lincoln during the Civil War, 1862

  26. 12.1 12.1Which amendment creates a means for selecting a vice president when the office becomes vacant? • Twenty-second Amendment • Twenty-fifth Amendment • Twelfth Amendment • Tenth Amendment Political Parties Jefferson/Burr 1800

  27. 12.1 12.1Which amendment creates a means for selecting a vice president when the office becomes vacant? • Twenty-second Amendment • Twenty-fifth Amendment • Twelfth Amendment • Tenth Amendment Which President violated an informal Amendment… leading to the 22nd?

  28. Presidential PowersReview Slides 21- 46 in “hail to the Chief Presentation 12.2 • Constitutional Powers • Expansion of Power • Perspectives on Presidential Power

  29. Constitutional Powers Constitution says little “The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America.” Fear of abuse of power Madisonian system Shared powers Checks and balances Short term of office 12.2

  30. 12.2 Constitutional Powers of the President

  31. Expansion of Power Changes leading to expansion of presidential power Military Technological Economic Presidents take initiative to expand role Lincoln FDR 12.2

  32. Perspectives on Presidential Power 1950s-1960s Strong = good; weak = bad 1970s Vietnam War Watergate 1980s and beyond Mixed feeling about presidential power 12.2

  33. 12.2 12.2Which of the following is NOT an enumerated power of the president? Make treaties with other nations Veto legislation Nominate ambassadors Declare war

  34. 12.2 12.2Which of the following is NOT an enumerated power of the president? Make treaties with other nations Veto legislation Nominate ambassadors Declare war

  35. Running the Government: Chief Executive 12.3 • Vice President • Cabinet • Executive Office • White House Staff • First Lady

  36. Vice President Mainly ceremonial in previous years Increasing role in modern presidency Cheney Biden 12.3

  37. Cabinet Traditional, not mandated Heads of federal agencies and executive departments 12.3

  38. 12.3 TABLE 12.4: Cabinet Departments

  39. Executive Office National Security Council (NSC) Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 12.3

  40. 12.3 Executive Office of the President

  41. White House Staff President’s personal support team Chief of staff Press secretary Anonymous and loyal President sets style and tone 12.3

  42. 12.3 FIGURE 12.2: Principal Offices in the White House

  43. First Lady No longer just a well-dressed homemaker Abigail Adams Edith Wilson Eleanor Roosevelt Hillary Rodham Clinton Michelle Obama 12.3

  44. 12.3 Michele Obama with military families

  45. 12.3 12.3What is the main duty of the Council of Economic Advisors? • Advise the president on banking regulations • Advise the president and Congress on trade • Advise the president on economic policy • Advise the president on intelligence

  46. 12.3 12.3What is the main duty of the Council of Economic Advisors? • Advise the president on banking regulations • Advise the president and Congress on trade • Advise the president on economic policy • Advise the president on intelligence

  47. Presidential Leadership of Congress: Politics of Shared Powers 12.4 • Chief Legislator • Party Leadership • Public Support • Legislative Skills

  48. Chief Legislator State of the Union Veto Pocket Veto Line-item veto 12.4

  49. 12.4 Presidential Vetoes

  50. Party Leadership Bonds of Party Slippage in Party Support 12.4

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