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Intermediate Layer (Anterior)

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Intermediate Layer (Anterior)

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  1. Flexor digitorum superficialisO: Medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar head: medial coronoid process radial head: upper 2/3 of anterior border of radius just distal to radial tuberosityI: sides of middle phalanx of four digits (palmar surface)A: Flexion of fingers at MCP and PIP joints, flexion of wrist, weak flexion of elbow

  2. Intermediate Layer (Anterior) Flexor digitorum superficialis

  3. Movements of the Thumb • Flexion and Extension • Abduction and Adduction

  4. Helpful Hints • “pollicis” – thumb (1st) • “indicis” – index finger (2nd) • “pollicis” and “indicis” exclusive to wrist and fingers

  5. Flexor digitorum profundusO: Proximal ¾ anterior and medial ulnaI: Base of distal phalanx of four fingersA: Flexion of four fingers at MCP, PIP, and DIP joints, wrist flexion

  6. Flexor pollicis longusO: Middle anterior surface of radius and anterior medial border of ulna distal to coronoid processI: Base of distal phalanx of thumb (palmar surface)A: flexion of thumb CMC, MCP, IP joints, flexion, abduction of wrist

  7. Deep Layer (Anterior) • Flexor digitorum profundus • Flexor pollicis longus • *Pronator Quadratus

  8. Extensor indicisO: Middle to distal 1/3 of posterior ulnaI: Base of middle and distal phalanxes of 2nd phalange (dorsal surface)A: Extension of index finger at MCP joint, weak wrist extension, weak supination of forearm from pronated position

  9. Extensor pollicis longusO: Posterior lateral surface of lower middle ulnaI: Base of distal phalanx of thumb (dorsal surface)A: Extension of thumb at CMC, MCP, and IP joints, wrist extension and abduction, weak supination from a pronated position

  10. Extensor pollicis brevisO: Posterior surface lower middle radiusI: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb (dorsal surface)A: Extension of thumb at CMC and MCP joint, weak wrist extension and abduction

  11. Abductor pollicis longusO: Posterior aspect of radius and midshaft of ulnaI: Base of 1st metacarpal (dorsal surface)A: Abduction and extension of thumb at CMC joint, abduction of wrist, weak supination of forearm from a pronated position

  12. Deep Layer (Posterior) • Extensor indicis • Extensor pollicis longus • Extensor pollicis brevis • Abductor pollicis longus • *Supinator

  13. Static Equilibrium • Whenever an object is completely motionless, it is in static equilibrium • For an object to be in static equilibrium: 1)  Fv = 0 2)  Fh = 0 3)  T = 0

  14. Example: How much force must be exerted by the biceps brachii, attaching at 90º to the radius at 3 cm from the elbow joint, to support a weight of 70 N held in the hand, a distance of 30 cm from the elbow joint?

  15. Known: dm = 3 cm = 0.03 m dwt = 30 cm = 0.3 m wt = 70 N Fm = ?

  16.  T = 0  T = (Fm)(dm) - (wt)(dwt) = 0

  17. Example: How much force must be exerted by the biceps brachii, attaching at 100º to the radius at 3 cm from the elbow joint, to support a weight of 70 N held in the hand, a distance of 30 cm from the elbow joint?

  18. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome • Swelling of tissue within the compartment causes compression on the median nerve • Symptoms include: • Pain and numbness along the median nerve • Clumsiness of finger function • Weakness and atrophy of muscles • Most common in middle-aged women or older

  19. Carpal Tunnel

  20. Mechanism of Injury

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