Safety and Health Programs

1. Safety and Health Programs MODULE 7

2. Brainstorm • What makes a good safety and health program? • What does a good program do for you?

3. Benefits of Effective Safety and Health Programs • Reduce injuries & illnesses • Improve morale & productivity • Reduce workers’ compensation costs • Show good faith efforts

4. Exemplary Workplaces: • Assign responsibility to managers, supervisors, and workers • Inspect regularly to control hazards • Train employees to recognize and avoid hazards • Provide systematic policies, procedures and practices

5. Safety and Health Program Guidelines • Systematic policies and procedures • Recognize hazards • Protect employees • Address all hazards • Beyond law • Including hazards caused by change • More important to be effective than written • Guidelines available from OSHA

6. Major Elements • Management commitment & employee involvement • Worksite analysis • Hazard prevention & control • Safety and health training

7. Management Commitment / Employee Involvement

8. Management Commitment and Employee Involvement • Management: • Regards worker safety and health as a fundamental value • Applies commitment to safety and health equally with other objectives • Employees: • Develop and express own commitment to safety for selves and others

9. Management Commitment • Management provides: • Motivation/Leadership • Resources • Policy Statement • Clear Goals & Objectives • Employees commit to safety for selves and co-workers

10. Management Commitment • Demonstrated by: • Being visibly involved at all levels • Leading by example • Assigning responsibilities and accountability at all levels • Providing authority and resources to those responsible • Communicating program goals • Leading periodic reviews

11. Employee Involvement • Active roles: • Workplace inspections • Hazard analysis • Developing safe work rules • Training coworkers and new hires • Loss or Near Loss investigations • New equipment purchase / design / use • Participating in program review

12. Supervisor Responsibilities • Analyze work • to identify potential hazards in area of responsibility • Maintain physical protections in work areas • Reinforce employee training • performance feedback • enforcement of safe work practices

13. Worksite Analysis

14. Worksite Analysis • Examine the worksite and identify: • Existing hazards • Conditions & operations where changes might occur to create hazards • Analyze the work & worksite to anticipate & prevent harmful occurrences

15. Comprehensive Survey • Conduct a comprehensive baseline survey • Job Hazard Analysis • Who may help you: • OSHA Consultation Program • Insurance companies • Consultants

16. Safety & Health Inspections • Conduct regular site inspections (usually weekly) • Establish daily work area inspection procedures • Develop & use a checklist • Provide a reliable hazard reporting system • Employees notify management • No fear of reprisal • Timely & appropriate responses

17. Additional Worksite Analysis • Investigate accidents & “near misses” • Identify causes & means for prevention • Analyze injury & illness trends • Identify & prevent common cause patterns

18. Hazard Prevention & Control

19. Hazard Prevention & Control • Recognition • Determine that a hazard or potential hazard exists • Elimination • Where feasible, prevent hazards by effective design of job or jobsite • Control • If the hazard cannot be eliminated, use hazard controls • Eliminate or control hazards in a timely manner

20. Hazard Prevention & Control • Hierarchy of controls: • Engineering controls • Administrative controls • Personal protective equipment (PPE)

21. Engineering Controls • Remove Employee from Hazard • Guards • Barriers • Work Area Design

22. Administrative Controls • Procedures • Rotation • Breaks • Relief Workers

23. Personal Protective Equipment • Third line of defense relies on: • Correct choice of equipment • Correct usage • Replacement and maintenance • Awareness of when and why necessary

24. Hazard Prevention Planning • Facility & equipment maintenance • Emergency planning • Training & drills as needed • Medical program • First aid on site • Physician & emergency care nearby

25. Safety & Health Training

26. Safety & Health Training • Address Safety & Health responsibilities of all personnel • Incorporate it into other training & job performance/practice

27. Safety & Health Orientation • Employees must understand • Hazards they may be exposed to • Employee safety and health responsibilities • Operating procedures and safeguards • Exits and emergency procedures • Orientation training must be given to • site workers • contract workers

28. Safety & Health Training • Documentation where required • Reinforcing employee training: • Continual feedback • Refresher training as needed

29. Safety & Health Program Resources

30. Resources Available • OSHA Safety & Health Management Guidelines (Appendix A) • Small Business Handbook • Sample safety & health programs • Compliance Assistance Quick Start • Customize and apply to your situation! • OSHA Consultation (OSHCON)

31. Related OSHA Programs

32. OSHA Programs • Alliances • Strategic Partnerships • VPP • OSHA Consultation • SHARP

33. Alliances • Organizations committed to workplace safety and health • Collaborate with OSHA to prevent injuries and illnesses in the workplace • Reach out to, educate, and lead the nation's employers and their employees in improving and advancing workplace safety and health.

34. Benefits of an Alliance • Build trusting, cooperative relationships with OSHA • Network with others committed to workplace safety and health • Leverage resources to maximize worker safety and health protection • Gain recognition as proactive leaders in safety and health

35. How Alliances Work • OSHA and organization define, implement and meet short and long-term goals from three categories: • Training and education • Outreach and communication • Promote the National Dialogue on Workplace Safety and Health

36. Getting Started with Alliances • National alliances • Office of Outreach Services and Alliances (202) 693-2340 • Regional or local alliances • OSHA regional office • Region VI contacts: link • State plan alliances also exist

37. OSHA Strategic Partnerships(OSPP) • Extended, voluntary, cooperative relationship • Groups of employers, employees, and employee representatives • May have 1 business or many stakeholders • Common goal • Plans for achieving goal • Cooperation in implementation • Most are small businesses <50 workers

38. OSHA Strategic Partnerships • Many focus on Strategic Plan areas of concern • Areas of Emphasis • Including Oil and Gas Field Services • Targeted Areas and High Incident/Severity Areas

39. Elements of Partnerships • Must either • Implement effective workplace safety and health management system or • address a specific hazard • Core elements required include • Goals, strategies, performance measures • Evaluation and OSHA verification

40. Getting Started with Partnerships • Contact OSHA • National or regional contact information • Identify goals, strategies, measures • Identify partners • Draft and submit application

41. Voluntary Protection Program (VPP) • Recognizes exemplary safety and health programs • Cooperation: management, labor, OSHA • Site with comprehensive safety and health management system implemented • Removes routine inspections • 13 VPP Star sites in SIC 13

42. VPP Process • Application and S&H program review • Written program and onsite implementation • Review by OSHA and SGE • Levels available • Star – exemplary, self-sufficient, safer than average; evaluations every 3-5 years • Merit – potential to meet Star within 3 years; evaluations every 18-24 months • Star Demonstration

43. VPP Innovations • Special Government Employees (SGE) • Volunteers from other VPP sites • Work with OSHA on onsite evaluations • Mentoring • Matching current and potential VPP sites • Safety and Health Management course

44. OSHA Consultation • Separate from compliance inspectors • Free, confidential services: • Recognition of potential hazards • Suggest methods and resources for solutions • Help with safety and health program • Written report • Training/education

45. OSHA Consultation • Operated by states • Obligation: commitment to correcting serious hazards • Plan / schedule to control serious hazards • Benefit: possible one-year exclusion from programmed inspections • No results reported to inspectors

46. Safety and Health Achievement Recognition Program (SHARP) • Operated by Consultation • Small employers with exemplary safety and health management systems • Exemption from programmed inspections for 1 year • Renewable for 1-2 years with evaluations

47. Getting Started with SHARP • Request a consultation visit and survey • Involve employees • Correct hazards identified • Maintain safety and health program meeting 1989 guidelines • Lower injury/illness and lost workday rates below national average • Notify consultation office before changes