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Cooperative Online Writing Lab. ESL Issues in Writing. Explaining Articles, Appositives, Capitalization, & Spelling Words that Sound Alike. Bluefield College COWL, 2005. Articles. A, An,The. A – comes before all words that begin with consonants . Examples: a book, a person, a car
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Cooperative Online Writing Lab ESL Issues in Writing Explaining Articles, Appositives, Capitalization, & Spelling Words that Sound Alike Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Articles A, An,The • A – comes before all words that begin with consonants. Examples: a book, a person, a car An – comes before all words that begin with vowels (A,E,I,O,U). Examples: an apple, an elephant, an ink pen • The – comes before specific nouns. • Examples: the red apple, the tall person, the history book Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Appositives An appositive is a noun or pronoun that refers back to another noun or pronoun to explain or identify it. Examples:(The appositives are in red, and the nouns they are identifying are in blue.) Mrs. Smith, my teacher, is understanding. My dogRoxy is very obedient. America, the land of the free and the home of the brave, welcomes all people groups. Kevin is very attached to his car, a 1965 Shelby Mustang. Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Capitalization • Here are some general guidelines for capitalization: • Capitalize the first word of a sentence. • Capitalize the pronoun “I.” • Capitalize Proper Nouns. (The names of specific people, places, and organizations) Examples: Bluefield College, Robert Jones, Pacific Ocean • Capitalize the days of the week, the months of the year, and holidays. • Capitalize the names of countries, nationalities, and specific languages. Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Spelling Words that Sound Alike Accept – verb meaning to receive or to agree: She accepted the award. Except – meaning all but: All of the girls came except Molly. Than – used for a comparison: I like chocolate better than vanilla. Then – refers to time: I will eat and then study. To – preposition or the first part of a verb: She came to my house to work on the project Too – very or also: I was too excited to sleep. Jessie said she was excited too. Two – the number 2 – I have two nieces. Advise – verb meaning to recommend: I advise you to use COWL. Advice– noun that is an opinion or recommendation: COWL gave me great advice. Their – possessive noun: The students got their homework. There – a place: Put the book down over there. They’re - contraction for they are: They’re going to be late. Its – possessive adjective : The dog chewed on its bone. It’s – contraction for it is or it has: It’s fun to use COWL. Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Practice - Articles Chose A orAn __ idea An __ igloo An __ baseball A __ umbrella An __ fork A An __ automobile __ planet A __ egg An An __ opera __ shirt A __ camera A __ rainbow A __ letter A __ cat A Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Practice - Appositives What are the appositives in the following sentences? 1. My daughter, who is a teacher, will be visiting tomorrow. The appositive is: who is a teacher 2. The television show, Friends, is my favorite. The appositive is: Friends 3. The young boy loves his babysitter, Mandy. The appositive is: Mandy Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Practice - Capitalization Underline ALL words that should be capitalized. 1. today is the best day in july. _______ _____ 2.when should i come over? _________ _ 3. i live in the united states of america. __ ____________________ ____________ 4. my friend jacqueline is from china. ____ ________________ _________ 5. timmy has to learn to speak spanish. _________ ____________ Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Practice – Spelling words that Sound Alike Choose the correct word. 1. Jane did not accept/except the job. The correct answer is: accept 2. I asked my mom for advise/advice. The correct answer is: advice 3. It’s/Its my birthday! The correct answer is: It’s 4. She went to the mall and then/than the movies. The correct answer is: then 5. We took there/their/they’re car on vacation. The correct answer is: their 6. I have to/too/two classes left today. The correct answer is: two Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Need More Assistance? Stop by the Writing Center Come back to COWL again and again! or We Mooove fast to help you! Bluefield College COWL, 2005
Other Good Resources The Longman Handbook for Writers and Readers Purdue University’s Online Writing Lab (OWL) Bluefield College COWL, 2005