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Chapter 44

Chapter 44. Commercial Construction Projects. Introduction. Major differences regarding commercial drafting Team effort Within the office Consulting firms (designer and drafters) Wider variety of materials Emphasis on environmentally friendly materials. Office Practice.

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Chapter 44

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  1. Chapter 44 Commercial Construction Projects

  2. Introduction • Major differences regarding commercial drafting • Team effort • Within the office • Consulting firms (designer and drafters) • Wider variety of materials • Emphasis on environmentally friendly materials

  3. Office Practice • As ability and quality improves, so will the variety of projects • Tools include: • Sweet Network • MasterFormat • Simpson Strong-Tie catalog

  4. Office Practice (cont’d.) • Prime differences between commercial and residential drafting • Working with engineer’s calculations • Provided for entire structure • Details everything • Specific area and stress • Most start at highest level and work down

  5. Drawing Organization • Drawing origination • Usually starts with residential drawings • Commercial projects are arranged in seven groups • Drawing set page designators • Drawings can be numbered in successive order using a designator • Drawing placement • Details are planned prior to drawings

  6. Site Drawings • Basis for all other site-related drawings • Property layout and size • Outline of the structure • North arrow • Ground and finish floor elevations • Setbacks • Parking and access information • Information about utilities

  7. Architectural Drawings • Describe size and shape of a structure • Floor plans and enlarged floor plan • Elevations • Wall sections • Roof plan • Reflected ceiling plan • Interior elevations and details • Finish schedules

  8. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Floor plans • Shows location of materials • Floor plan symbols • North arrow • Grid markers • Section markers • Detail markers • Elevation symbols

  9. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Schedules • Door schedules and symbols • Window schedules and symbols • Interior finish symbols • Finish symbols and schedules • Symbols to clarify materials • Wall construction symbols

  10. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Roof plans • Show shape, roofing materials, direction of slope, and drainage method of each surface • Low-sloped roofs • High-sloped roofs • Roof materials (e.g., single-ply, built-up, seamed metal, and corrugated metal)

  11. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Roof plans (cont’d.) • Common components • Changes in roof shape • Roof openings • Roof drainage • Gutters • Drains, overflow drains, and scuppers

  12. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Exterior elevations • Show structure exterior as projected from floor plan • Heights from floor to ceiling and floor to wall • Floor to ceiling for multilevel structures • Floor to rails at balconies or above-ground decks • Window height and size • Height and width of exterior finishes • Roof pitches

  13. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Sections show: • Vertical relationships of materials represented on each plan view and exterior elevations • Materials used to construct walls, floors, ceilings, and roof components and vertical relationships

  14. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Types of sections • Full sections • Longitudinal or transverse • Wall sections • Other considerations • Material representation • Dimensions • Drawing symbols and notations

  15. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Enlarged floor plans • Used for components that must be displayed at a larger scale to provide detailed information • Interior elevations • Show shape and finishes of features built into a wall • Reflected ceiling plans • Shows ceiling of a specific level of a structure

  16. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Vertical circulation drawings • Ramps • Stairs • Material • Sections • Elevator drawings • Escalator drawings

  17. Architectural Drawings (cont’d.) • Exterior details • Details may related to any architectural sheet • Exterior joints and intersections of various materials • Interior details • Details may related to any architectural sheet • Door and finish details

  18. Structural Drawings • Construct skeleton of the structure • Framing plans • Wood and timber • Structural steel • Precast concrete • Structural elevations • Structural steel • Poured concrete • Tilt-up concrete

  19. Structural Drawings (cont’d.) • Construct skeleton of the structure (cont’d.) • Structural sections • Show material intersections • Structural details • Provide information to make required connections • Foundation plans • Plan view floor system construction • Specifies size and location of concrete pours

  20. Electrical Drawings • Provide information about: • Locations of: • Outlets • Switches • Light fixtures • Other related information

  21. Fixture Drawings • Used for structures containing a large number of specialty cabinet or trim drawings • Fixture drawings will be in their own section • Will be in successive order (starting with F-1) • Include details covering interior trim and specialized equipment, as well as cabinets

  22. Mechanical Drawings • Show movement of air throughout the structure • Location of heating and cooling equipment • Duct runs

  23. Plumbing Drawings • Show how fresh water and wastewater will be routed throughout the structure • Plumbing drawings, schedules, and details are successively arranged (starting with page P-1)

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