1 / 35

Operating System Virtualization

Operating System Virtualization. Adam Nofsinger. OS Virtualization. What is it? Brief History Why use it? Virtualization Software Shortcomings Future Tech. Virtualization. Definition:

bernad
Download Presentation

Operating System Virtualization

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Operating System Virtualization Adam Nofsinger

  2. OS Virtualization • What is it? • Brief History • Why use it? • Virtualization Software • Shortcomings • Future Tech

  3. Virtualization • Definition: • Broadly describes the (beneficial) separation of a resource or service from the typical physical means of providing it. • Examples: • Virtual Memory • Virtual Private Networks • Java Virtual Machine

  4. Guest OS Guest OS Guest OS Virtual Layer Host OS Hardware Virtualization • OS Virtualization (Virtual Machines) • Separate OS from Physical Hardware • Host OS  Guest OS

  5. Virtualization Techniques • How does Guest OS get to Hardware? Guest OS Virtual Layer Host OS Hardware Processor – Memory – NIC – Disk

  6. Virtualization Techniques • Virtual Monitor • Qemu, Vmware Player, Microsoft Virtual PC • Sometimes called Emulation, e.g. x86 Emulation Guest OS Guest OS Guest OS Virtual Monitor Host OS Hardware

  7. Virtualization Techniques • Hypervisor • Vmware ESX Server, Parallels* OS OS OS Hypervisor Software Hardware

  8. Virtualization Techniques • Para-Virtualization • Xen, Vmware Tools* Guest OS (Modified) Guest OS (Modified) Guest OS (Modified) Virtual Monitor Host OS Hardware

  9. One Slide History • 1960s • IBM’s Mainframe Computers (e.g. IBM S/360) • Compatible Time Sharing System (CTSS) • 1980s • Desktop PC  Virtualization on Backburner • 1990s - Present • IA-32 Server Hardware  High Profit Market • Virtualization  Increased Hardware value. • Vmware Introduces Workstation

  10. Why OS Virtualization? • Multi-Platform Testing • Only need one set of Hardware • Resource saver on purchases (time/money) • Can cut setup time • Emulated Hardware • Same Hardware on All Test Environments • Hardware Simulation • Limited Resource Environments

  11. Why OS Virtualization? • Isolation • Virtual Machine from Host OS / Other VMs • Safe for “untrusted” applications. • Partitioning of Services • Server Environment more stable. • Some Applications don’t play w/ Others • Encapsulation • One VM  One File/Folder on Disk • Typically easy to migrate.

  12. Why OS Virtualization? • OS Debugging • Crash on Developing OS do not (typically) affect Host OS. • Debug • Memory dumps • CPU Registers • Serial / Parallel Port dumps • Multiple OS Instances Simultaneously • Infrastructure Testing • Win 98  Linux  OpenBSD  Win 2K

  13. Why OS Virtualization? • Legacy Applications • Server Application Virtualization Testing • Some application commonly on VMs • Portability Requirements Lessen • Down with Host OS! • Virtualization is Fun! • Gain Experience with new OS. • Help a business transition to Open-Source.

  14. Virtualization Software • Vmware • Server • Player • Workstation • ESX Server • Qemu • Xen • Microsoft Virtual PC/Server • Connectix

  15. Vmware Server • Currently Free! (But Geared toward Server) • Unique Features vs. Workstation • Remote Administration • Consoles • Web Interface • VMs can Run as Service • Slow to Administrate • Especially GUI style (e.g. X, Windows) • Can make VMs for Vmware Player

  16. Vmware Player • Demo Time!

  17. Vmware WorkStation • Geared more toward Software Developers • Features vs. Vmware Server • Multiple Snapshots • Cloning • Movie Recording • Teams & VPNs • $200/license http://www.vmware.com/img/ws5_large4.png

  18. http://www.vmware.com/img/ws5_large3.png

  19. Vmware ESX Server • Intended for Enterprise-Level Servers • Partitioning • Hypervisor • Runs on “Bare Metal” (Hardware Layer) • Live Migration

  20. QEMU • Demo Time!

  21. Xen • Open-Source, Linux • Para-Virtualization • Very Fast • Have to use Modified Guest OS • Kernel Modifications • Windows? • Live Migration

  22. Microsoft Virtual PC / Server • The VM Software Formerly Known as Connectix Virtual PC • Runs on x86 or Power PC Architecture • PC: $130 • Server: $100 - $200 (#of processor)

  23. Other Offerings • Bochs IA-32 Emulator • http://bochs.sourceforge.net/ • Linux-VServer • http://linux-vserver.org/ • Virtuozzo => Server Virtualization, $200 - $4000+ • http://www.swsoft.com/en/products/virtuozzo/ • OpenVZ => Open Source Virtuozzo • http://openvz.org/ • Parallels Workstation 2.0 => Hypervisor-Powered, $49 / license • http://www.parallels.com/ • TRANGO – RTOS Hypervisor, ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, etc. • http://www.trango-systems.com/

  24. General Shortcomings • Virtual Machine cannot represent real scenario 100% accurately. • Especially true with Para-Virtualization. • Most situations  close enough. • Guest OS Hardware Requirements. • Host needs more RAM, HD Space, etc. • Sometimes just to operate

  25. General Shortcomings • Intel IA-32  Virtualization Problems • More on this in a bit (Vanderpool) • Some Hardware not supported • USB (Sometimes) • 3D Graphics Cards • Etc.

  26. Future Tech • Intel VT (aka “Vanderpool”) • Virtual Machine Extensions (VMX) • 10 new virtualization specific instructions • VMXON, VMXOFF • VMLAUNCH, VMRESUME • BIOS / VMM application in the works OS OS OS Virtual Layer Virtual CPU Virtual CPU Virtual CPU

  27. Future Tech • AMD VT (aka “Pacifica”) • Similar to Intel • Additions to x86 Architecture to better support VMs http://enterprise.amd.com/Downloads/Pacifica_en.pdf

  28. References • Amit Sing, An Introduction to Virtualization • http://www.kernelthread.com/publications/virtualization/ • Vmware, Virtualization Overview • http://www.vmware.com/virtualization/ • Vmware, Virtualization White Paper • http://www.vmware.com/pdf/virtualization.pdf [pdf] • Cambridge University Systems Research Group, Xen Website • http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/SRG/netos/xen/ • Microsoft, Virtual PC Website • http://www.microsoft.com/windows/virtualpc/default.mspx • Bochs Website • http://bochs.sourceforge.net/ • Gabriel Torres, Intel Virtualization Technology (VT) Explained • http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/printpage/263 • AMD, “Pacifica” Virtualization Technology • http://enterprise.amd.com/Downloads/Pacifica_en.pdf [pdf]

More Related