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TECHNICAL SEMINAR - 2004

WAP & WML. TECHNICAL SEMINAR - 2004. By Satya Prakash Pattnaik EC200118058. Under the guidance of Mr. N.Srinivasu. AN INTRODUCTION WAP. WAP stands for Wireless Application protocol A standard for bringing Internet content and services to mobile devices.

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TECHNICAL SEMINAR - 2004

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  1. WAP & WML TECHNICAL SEMINAR - 2004 By Satya Prakash Pattnaik EC200118058 Under the guidance of Mr. N.Srinivasu

  2. AN INTRODUCTION WAP • WAP stands for Wireless Application protocol • A standard for bringing Internet content and services to mobile devices. • WAP is not a service or a productbut a protocol for delivering applications. [1]

  3. To avoid many islands of incompatible solutions, WAP Forum was founded in June 1997 by Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, and Unwired Planet (renamed to Openwave). WAP Forum [2]

  4. It can run on any network e.g. GSM, CDMA, 3G networks It can run on any kind of device e.g. cell phones, PDA’s, and laptops. achieves device-independence through the Wireless Application Environment (WAE). WAP defines a new format, the Wireless markup Language (WML) designed for efficient content delivery Key Aspects of WAP [3]

  5. WAP-Enabled Devices • WAP-enabled devices consists of • A micro-browser • An embedded software that enables users to view information • A method for users to input data • e.g. number buttons on a mobile phone [4]

  6. Fixed Network WAP gateway Mobile Networks WAP devices Web Server Entities in a WAP Model [5]

  7. WAP Architecture [6]

  8. Protocol Stack • Five Layers • Transport, security, transaction, session, application • Applications can use only a part of the architecture. • e.g. if an application does not require security, it can use directly the service of the transport layer [7]

  9. Wireless Application Protocol Internet Application Layer (WAE) HTML JavaScript Other Services and Applications HTTP Transaction Layer (WTP) Session Layer (WSP) TLS - SSL Security Layer (WTLS) Transport Layer (WDP) TCP/IP UDP/IP Bearers: IS-136 SMS USSD CSD CDMA CDPD PDC-P Etc.. Internet and WAP Protocol Stacks [8]

  10. Wireless Datagram Protocol • Offers a consistent datagram transport service independent of the underlying bearer (GSM, CDMA, etc.). • Offers more or less the same services UDP does. • e.g. application addressing by port numbers [9]

  11. Wireless Transport Layer Security • Offers a consistent datagram transport service independent of the underlying bearer (GSM, CDMA, etc.). • Offers more or less the same services UDP does. • e.g. application addressing by port numbers • Provides security between a WAP-enabled device and a WAP gateway. • Additional mechanisms are needed for end-to-end security. • e.g. a user accesses his bank account using WAP. [10]

  12. Wireless Transaction Protocol • Support for transaction-oriented services (e.g. web browsing) • A transaction is defined as a request with its response. • A lightweight protocol suitable for implementation in mobile devices. [11]

  13. Wireless Session Protocol • Capabilities of suspending and resuming a session • Assume a mobile device is disconnected. The user is able to continue operation at exactly the point where the device was switched off. • Content encoding • Defines the efficient binary encoding for the content it transfers. [12]

  14. Wireless Application Environment • Wireless Markup Language (WML) • Analogy to HTML • It can be binary encoded by the WAP gateway in order to save bandwidth • WMLScript • Enhance services written in WML • Similar to the role of JavaScript [13]

  15. Wireless Markup Language (WML) • A WML document is made up multiple cards. • Each card represents a screen of information. • Cards can be grouped together in a deck. • A WML deck is similar to an HTML page. • Web servers deliver web pages one at a time but WAP delivers a deck of related cards. • There is no waiting for the next screen (card) to display, which differs from the web, where clicking on a new link typically means waiting for the server to deliver that page. [14]

  16. Example: A Deck of Cards <WML> <CARD id="card1"> <DO TYPE="ACCEPT" LABEL="Next"> <GO href="#card2"/> </DO> <p> This is card 1</p> </CARD> <CARD id="card2"> <DO TYPE ="ACCEPT" LABEL="Back"> <GO href="#card1"/> </DO> <p> This is card 2</p> </CARD> </WML> This is card 1 _____________ Next This is card 2 ____________ Back [15]

  17. A complement to WML Provides a general scripting capability (like JavaScript) Example: before user input is sent to a server, WMLScript can check the validity and save bandwidth and latency in case of an error. WMLScript [16]

  18. CONCLUSION • Diversity and quality of Internet-based content and value-added services will increase • To gain control of other emerging wireless service markets such as Internet-based streaming media • Effectively reduce competition in nascent wireless markets [17]

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