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SO, 12/13

SO, 12/13. Orthoptera (Grasshoppers and Crickets). Orthopterans all tend to have several traits Enlarged hind legs Big compound eyes (usually) Large pronotum If winged, forewings are thin and leathery Hind wings are broad and membranous Usually have two cerci

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SO, 12/13

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  1. SO, 12/13 Orthoptera (Grasshoppers and Crickets)

  2. Orthopterans all tend to have several traits • Enlarged hind legs • Big compound eyes (usually) • Large pronotum • If winged, • forewings are thin and leathery • Hind wings are broad and membranous • Usually have two cerci • Females often have large protruding ovipositor • Generally are herbivorous • Males often ‘chirp’ but in different ways

  3. Very recognizable • Small (3/4th inch) • Pronotum extends backward • Otherwise look like ‘Grasshoppers’ • Unusual in that they may overwinter as adults • Eat algae, organic matter Tetrigidae: Pygmy Grasshoppers

  4. These ARE ‘grasshoppers’ • Usually long forewings • Short antennae, often thicker • Have tympana • Pronotum does NOT extend backwards • Big pest for agriculture • Produce low buzzing sound by rubbing wings together Acrididae: ‘Short horned’ grasshoppers

  5. Locusts are specific type of grasshoppers • On a year with lots of plants, grasshoppers multiply • Next year, there are too many grasshoppers • When crowded together, females hormones change • Next generation are bigger, and migrate • Eventually, when population spreads out again,grasshoppers return to normal What is a locust???

  6. Very long and slender antennae (1:1) • Have tympana on foreleg tibia • Fairly large, katydids are usually green • There are a few carnivores in this group (remember?) • Most eat leaves though • Tend to have long forewings Tettigoniidae: Katydids, long horned Grasshoppers

  7. Mormon cricket

  8. Hump backed • Tan or grey • Long, threadlike antennae (1:1) • Do not produce sound • Do not usually have tympana • Usually wingless Gryllacrididae: Camel Crickets

  9. Jerusalem cricket

  10. Somewhat short/squat • Long tapering antennae (1:2) • Conspicuous cerci • Shorter forewings • Tympana on forelegs • Tree crickets are small • Green • Small heads Gryllidae: Crickets, tree crickets

  11. Tree Cricket

  12. Crickets that specialize in burrowing • Have enlarged digging forelegs • Forewings cover half abdomen • Hind wings are longer • Feed on plant roots • Have very large rounded pronotum Gryllotalpidae: Mole crickets

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