Chapter 17: Reaction Kinetics

1. Chapter 17: Reaction Kinetics Review & Factors Affecting Rate

2. Reaction Kinetics Define reaction kinetics. Why is time important in the study of chemical reactions?

3. What is the following set of equations collectively known as? O3(g) ® O2(g) + O(g) O(g) +O3(g) ® 2O2(g) +________________________ 2O3(g) ® 3O2(g)

4. Collision Theory Picture (a) shows correct orientation while (b) does not. In order to make a molecule of CH3I from an atom of I and a molecule of CH3Br, why is the orientation of the collision important?

5. Activated Complex Define activated complex. (Look it up in your notes if you have to!) Is the activated complex stable?

6. Draw the activated complex for the following reaction.

7. Rate Influencing Factors There are several things that can affect the reaction rate of a chemical reaction. Do you think that some molecules react faster than others? Defend your statement using the collision theory.

8. Orientation Which set of two substances, A or B, do you think will react faster? Why?

9. Surface Area http://www.webchem.net/notes/how_far/kinetics/rate_factors.htm Go to this site and scroll down to 3. Physical State and read that section. When you are done, click the button.

10. Medications Why do you think that certain pills are found as small spheres of the medication inside a soluble capsule?

11. Temperature http://chemistry.about.com/od/stoichiometry/a/reactionrate.htm Go to this site and scroll down to Temperature and read that section. When you are done, click the button.

12. General Rule for Temperature What is the general rule for Temperature and its effect upon reaction rates? As the temperature goes up ____oC, the reaction rate will increase _____ times.

13. Why does Temperature Affect Reaction Rate? What is temperature directly proportional to? Temperature is directly proportional to kinetic energy. So how does an increase in KE increase the chances for an effective collision? An effective collision depends on the amount of energy in which the two molecules collide. There is a minimum amount of energy (the activation energy) needed to cause a reaction.

14. Why do we refrigerator our foods in terms of the collision theory?

15. Concentration http://www.docbrown.info/page03/3_31rates.htm#3a Go to this site and read the section titled “3a The effect of Concentration”. When you are done, click the button.

16. Dangerous Habit What is especially dangerous about this smoking situation? The man has an oxygen mask (30%) over his nose and mouth. Describe the dangers in terms of the collision theory.

17. Catalysts http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalyst Go to this site and read down to History. When you are done, click the button.

18. Biological catalysts What is the name of a biological catalyst? In biochemistry, a substrate is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts. Can you think of the reaction in your body that might require the enzyme “lactase”?

19. A catalystlowers the activation energy.

20. Summary – List the five factors that influence the rates of reactions Nature of the reactants – complexity of the molecules; states of matter ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________