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Chapter 4 Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology

Chapter 4 Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology. Genital Self-Exam. Increases sexual comfort Monitor for changes related to health concerns. The Vulva. Menstruation. Myths and negative attitudes Menarche (MEH-nar-kee) Initial onset Age 11-15

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Chapter 4 Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology

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  1. Chapter 4Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology

  2. Genital Self-Exam • Increases sexual comfort • Monitor for changes related to health concerns

  3. The Vulva

  4. Menstruation • Myths and negative attitudes • Menarche (MEH-nar-kee) • Initial onset • Age 11-15 • Related to heredity, health, altitude (earlier in lower altitudes)

  5. Menstrual Cycle Problems • Premenstrual syndrome • Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder • 5% of women • Symptoms bad; disrupt woman’s functioning • Dysmenorrhea (dis-meh-nuh-REE-uh) • painful menses • Amenorrhea = no menses • Either at puberty or due to low fat

  6. Continued… • Self-help for menstrual symptoms • Exercise • Sex • Diet • Toxic shock syndrome • Fever, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, dizziness • Diva Cup or pads

  7. Terms Related to Menopause • Climacteric (kli-MAK-tuh-rik) • Physiological changes during transition period of fertility to infertility, slowing estrogen production • Around 40 years old • Peri-menopause • Time before menopause • Irregular • Menopause • Permanent cessation of menstruation

  8. Menopausal Symptoms • Symptoms vary from mild to strong • Hot flashes or warm spells • Night sweats, interrupted sleep • Headaches, poor concentration • Depression, anxiety • Can take hormones, review page 97

  9. Gynecological Health Concerns • Urinary tract infections • bacterial enters vagina • Wipe front to back • Vaginal infections • Review page 99 for prevention tips • Diet, good hygiene, lubrication

  10. Pap smear screens for cervical cancer • Few cells removed with brush • Not painful, few nerves on cervix • Hysterectomy • Surgical removal of uterus • Most frequently performed U.S. operation • More frequently performed on low income, less educated women • Non-surgical options • Oophorectomy (oh-uh-fuh-REK-tuh-mee) • Surgical removal of the ovaries, (or also uterus) • 40% cancer of survival for 5 years because hard to detect

  11. The Breast • Secondary sex characteristics • Mammary glands produce milk • Areola is darker area • Nipple is in center of areola & has openings for milk • Depression, anxiety due to social factors

  12. Breast Health • Breast cancer • Treatments • Mastectomy, chemo, hormone, radiation • Risk factors • African Americans tend to have more-advanced breast cancer prior to detection • Lower income, lack of health-care • Page 106, Chart • Reconstructive breast surgery

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