Suppositories

1. Suppositories Author: as. Yu.Yu. Plaskonis

2. Suppositories - dosed medical forms, solid at room temperature and melted or dissolve at the temperature of body.

3. Depending on a place introductions suppositories differentiated : • rectal (candles - suppositoria rectalia), intended for introduction to the rectum; • vaginal (marbles - suppositoria vaginalia), intended for introduction in vagina; • sticks (bacilli), intended for introduction to motions of fistula, urethra, channel of neck of uterus, acoustic duct and others like that

4. For the method of preparation suppositories divided into: • hand-pumping • pouring. For the localization procedure: • local action; • resorbtion action.

5. By type suppositories basis: • suppositories in hydrophobic bases • suppositories in hydrophilic bases

6. Requirements to suppositories: • Time of melting (for suppositories on hydrophobic bases) – 15 minutes • Time of dissolution (for suppositories on hydrophilic bases) – 60 minutes • Length of rectal suppositories must be from 2,5 to 4 centimeters • A maximal diameter of rectal suppositories is 1,5 centimeters • Mass of rectal suppositories is from 1,0 to a 4,0 g (middle 3,0) • Mass of vaginal suppositories must be from 1.5 to a 6,0 gram (middle 4,0) • Sticks must have a form of cylinder with a sharp end and diameter not more than 1 centimeters. • Length of sticks must not exceed 10 centimeters, but mass must be from 0,5 to a 1,0 gram. • Rejections in-bulk suppositories must not exceed ± 5 %. Medicinal matters which are contained in them are guilty to be exactly dosed. Suppositories must have correct and accordingly identical form, homogeneous mass, sufficient hardness (mechanical durability) and fuse at the temperature of body. • Suppositional mass must be homogeneous, without inclusions, marbling, and sequins.

7. Disadvantages suppositories: • not hygienic administration • duration of preparing.

8. Requirements to the suppositories bases : • sufficient hardness at a room temperature and ability to fuse (whether to dissolve) at a temperature not higher than 37 °C, that sharply to pass ability from the solid state to the liquid, passing the stage of softening influence - ointment stage; sufficient viscidity, absence of smell, providing of maximal contact between medicinal matters and mucus shell; • chemical and pharmacological indifference, absence of irritating actions, firmness to the action of external factors (light, heat, moisture, oxygen of air, micro organisms); • ability easily to acquire the proper form, mixed with the largest possible number of drugs, do not interact with them and be stable during storage; • easily to free ability medicinal matters, instrumental in the display of them pharmacological action, which depends both on properties of bases and from the method of introduction of medicinal matters in basis; • presence of the proper reological indexes and optimum structurally mechanical properties.

9. PRESCRIPTION OF SUPPOSITORIES Suppositories prescript in recipes by two methods: • distributive • separate.

10. GENERAL RULES OF PREPARATION SUPPOSITORIES • The main technological task in the preparation of suppositories is that most drugs dispersed evenly not only in suppository mass, but in every suppository, ball or stick, giving them the necessary geometry. • If mass of suppository in a recipe is not marked, prepare 3,0 grams suppository. In child's practice mass of suppository is necessarily specified in a recipe is must be from 0,5 to a 1,5 gram. • If mass of vaginal suppositories is not marked, 4,0 grams suppository. The size of sticks is guilty to be marked in a recipe. • For preparation of suppositories in the conditions of pharmacy utilize the method of deflation, and at presence of facilities of small mechanization are methods of outpouring and pressing.

11. Medicinal substances, soluble in basis, in an amount less than 5% dissolve in the liquid (same type with basis), • if them more than 5% – dissolve in part of molten basis.

12. Rp.: Furazolidoni 0,004 Olei Cacao 1,0 M., f. supp. D. t. d. N. 15. S. 1 suppository into the rectum 10-15 days. highest single dose Furazolidoni highest daily dose Furazolidoni

13. Technology • In a mortar placed 0,06 Furazolidoni and dispersed in the dry form first, and then with 1 drop of sunflower oil (according to the rule Deryagin). Add a few 15,0 finely grated shavings of cocoa butter, carefully grindfor received a homogeneous plastic mass. If necessary, add anhydrous lanolin. • The ready suppository mass weighed write down on the back of the recipe, transferred into a glass pill machine, form a touchstone, with cutter divide at the level of parts and drain plugs for the same shape, length and diameter. • These suppositories wrapped in a capsule, put in a cardboard box, paste the recipe number and fill the front of the WPC.

21. WCP (Reverse side) Furazolidoni 0,004 х 15 = 0,06 Olei Cacao 1,0 х 15 = 15,0Mass suppositories15,0 + 0,06 = 15,06 Mass one suppository 15,06:15  1,0 WCP (Front side) Date № recipe Furazolidoni 0,06Olei Helianthi gtt. IOlei Cacao 15,0Lanolini anhydrici q.s. Massae suppositoriorum 15,061,0 N. 15 prepared checked

22. Suppositories with substances which entered by the type of solution • If substances which are soluble in basis less than 5% - ground from a few drops of vegetable oil • if more than 5%, with part of the melted cocoa butter (butter is desirable not to melt if it is normal plasticity)

23. Rp.: Anaesthesini 0.2 Olei Cacao 2.0 М., f. supp. D. t. d. N. 10. • 1 suppository into the rectum highest single dose Anaesthesini0,5 highest daily dose Anaesthesini1,5

24. Technology. In a mortar placed 2,0 anestezin, first grind down in dry form and then add a few tricks 20,0 finely grated shavings of cocoa butter, carefully dentto obtain a homogeneous plastic mass. If necessary, add anhydrous lanolin. The ready suppositories mass weighed, amount write down on the back of the recipe, transferred into a glass pill machine, form a touchstone, with cutter divide at the level of parts and drain plugs for the same shape, length and diameter. These suppositories wrapped in a capsule, put in a cardboard box, paste the recipe number and fill the front of the WCP.

25. WCP (Reverse side) Anaesthesini 0,2 х 10 = 2,0 Olei Cacao 2,0 х 10 = 20,0 Massae suppositoriorum20,0 + 2,0 = 22,0mass of a 1 suppository 22,0:10 = 2,2 WCP (Front side) Date № recipe Anaesthesini 2,0Olei Cacao 20,0Lanolini anhydrici q.s. Massae suppositoriorum 22,02,2 N. 10 prepared checked

26. Suppositories with substances which entered by the type of emulsion • If substances which are soluble in water less than 5%- dissolved in a few drops of water and add shaving cocoa butter, • if more than 5%, enter by the suspension type with a part of the melted cocoa butter to rule Deryagin ½ the mass of solids.

27. Rp.: Novocaini 0,1 Olei Cacao q.s. M. f. supp. D. t. d. N. 6. S. To enter in a rectum on a 1 suppository (at pains).

28. Technology. In a mortar dissolve 0,6 novocaine in a few drops of water. Then for a few receptions add 17,4 shaving of butter cacao, carefully kneading to the receipt of homogeneous plastic mass. If necessary add a lanolin waterless. Weighed ready suppository mass, write down on the reverse side of recipe, carry on glass of pill typewriter, form an oilstone, by means of cutter divide at the level of part and the identical pump out suppositories after a form, long and by a diameter. The got suppositories wrap up in capsules , fold in a binary code, glue № on recipe and fill the right side of WCP.

29. WCP (Reverse side) Novocaini 0,1 х 6 = 0,6 Massae suppositoriorum 3,0 х 6 = 18,0 Olei Cacao 18,0 – (0,1 х 6) = 17,4mass of 1 suppository 18,0 : 6 = 3,0 WCP (Front side) Date № recipe Aquae purificatae q.s.Novocaini 0,6Olei Cacao 17,4Lanolini anhydrici q.s. Massae suppositoriorum 18,0 3,0 N. 6 prepared checked

30. The method of outpouring consists of the followings stages: • making and melting the proper basis; • mixing the prescribed medicinal substances with the molten basis • preparation of forms • outpouring of the prepared cooled mass in forms; • cooling; • packing; • registration.

31. Rules of introduction substances in suppository bases by the method of outpouring : • In hydrophobic bases: All substances, which are not soluble in basis, or a water-soluble enter only for type of suspension, if substances are soluble in basis, then dissolve in basis (camphor, thymol, Menthol and other) • In hydrophilic bases: All substances, which are not soluble in basis, or the oil-soluble enter only for type of suspension, if substances are a water-soluble, then they are dissolved in basis, or her component parts (Glycerin, water, and others like that). If substances more than 5 %, then take into account reverse coefficient substitution on fatty basis, if less than - does not take into account

32. Rp.: Osarsoli 0,25Acidi boriciGlucosi ana 0,3Butуroli q.s.Misce, ut fiat suppositoriumDa tales doses N 6Signa. 1 suppository at night

33. Technology In porcelain cup melt Butуroli . In a mortar grind down a 1,8 glucose, mix up from 1,5 Osarsoli , got after a requirement and 1,8 boric acids to homogeneity. By rule Deryagin add  2,55 meltedButуroli , mix up. In a porcelain cup to melted Butуroli carry the got mixture from a mortar, carefully mix for even distribution of the suspended matters. Mass is quickly poured out to the preliminary oil by soap alcohol the forms and place in a refrigerator. Prepared suppositories draw out from forms, wrap up in the paraffin paper, pack in a binary code, glue on the number of recipe, write the right side passport of writing control, design a signature and labels : to "Keep in a cool and protected from light place", "Save from children", "Handle with a care", seal up.

39. WCP (Reverse side) Osarsoli 0,25 · 6 = 1,5 Acidi borici 0,3 · 6 = 1,8 Glucosi 0,3 · 6 = 1,5 Fatty bases: 4,0 · 6 – (1,5 · 0,69 + 1,8 · 0,625 + 1,5 · 0,81) = 20,63 Gave out : Osarsoli 1,5 Date Signature: Got: Osarsoli 1,5 Date Signature: WCP (Front side) Date № recipe Glucosi 1,8 Osarsoli 1,5 Acidi borici 1,8 Butуroli 20,634,59 N 6 prepared checked