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Victorian Age 1837-1901. Queen Victoria. Took throne in 1837 at age of 18 Queen for 64 years Called Empress of India Married Prince Albert from Germany Her first cousin Married in 1840 Raised 9 children. Queen Victoria . Forced to accept a new, virtually powerless monarchy
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Queen Victoria • Took throne in 1837 at age of 18 • Queen for 64 years • Called Empress of India • Married Prince Albert from Germany • Her first cousin • Married in 1840 • Raised 9 children
Queen Victoria Forced to accept a new, virtually powerless monarchy Privately attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments British empire reached height of wealth and power under Queen Victoria Identified with strict moral standards
Society • Increased social mobility • Deeply religious • used the Bible as foundation of moral behavior • Bible taken as literal truth
Victorian Values Strict code of etiquette Duty Thrift Honesty Hard work Respectability
Manners • Proper Gentleman • Never speaks to a lady unless she speaks first • Lets a lady walk along the wall • Precedes a lady walking upstairs and follows one going down • Never smokes in a lady’s presence • Proper Lady • Never walks alone or unchaperoned if unmarried and under 30 • Doesn’t go alone to make a social call on a man • Never dances more than 3 dances with the same partner • Never wears pearls or diamonds in the morning
Roles of Women Cult of domesticity- idealization of women and the home Spent time raising children, directing servants, doing religious or charitable service
Roles of Women • Seen as tender, self-sacrificing caregiver • Provided nest for children and peaceful refuge for husband • Lower class women were expected to do the same
Classes • Upper class didn’t work • Inherited land and investments • Upper middle class • Business people and professionals- doctors, scientists • Lower middle class • Teachers and office workers • Working class • Factory and mine workers, tenant farmers
Middle Class • Enjoyed wide range of material goods • Lower middle class struggled to keep up with their “betters” • Men performed “white-collar” work • Growing middle class • Pushed their way up the ladder • Paid monthly or annually
Lower Class • Men and women performed physical labor • Women worked in garment factories or as domestic servants • Paid daily or weekly wages
Victorian Age Time of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change Time of great expansion in British empire Became notorious for child labor Queen Victoria known for strict values and they spread to commoners