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Proactive Environmental Crime Enforcement in the Central East Area Command. Final Project for the APD Leadership Academy. What is Environmental Crime?. Texas Transportation Code Title 7 Vehicles and Traffic Texas Health and Safety Code Title 5 Sanitation & Environmental Quality.
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Proactive Environmental CrimeEnforcement in the Central EastArea Command Final Project for the APD Leadership Academy
What is Environmental Crime? • Texas Transportation Code • Title 7 Vehicles and Traffic • Texas Health and Safety Code • Title 5 Sanitation & Environmental • Quality • City of Austin Ordinances
Investigative Responsibility • Solid Waste Services • Watershed Protection • Neighborhood Planning and Zoning • Health and Human Services • TNRCC
Sources of Ineffectiveness • Lack of coordination & communication • Conflicting policies, procedures, priorities • Cumbersome, lengthy legal processes • Limited staff, large areas of responsibility • Totally reactive
How can APD fill in the gaps? • Accustomed to responding quickly to problems • and possess resources to do so. • As most visible and active representatives of • City, often we are the first to learn of problems. • Area Command system is designed to address • specific problems in specific areas.
Why should we take on this job? • 1. Environmental issues, the so-call “quality of life” issues, are a major • source of complaints to the Police; many District Representatives • already spend the majority of their time dealing with these types of • complaints. • 2. Signs of neighborhood neglect serve as magnets for criminal activity • because of the perception that residents “don’t care” • (the “broken windows” theory). • 3. Environmental crime enforcement offers the Police an avenue for • addressing chronic problem spots, such as crack houses, that have defied resolution through the use of traditional Police enforcement measures.
The Central East Story • William Traylor assigned to CE • Traylor and 2 DRs receive training • Actively pursue environmental issues • Success in cleaning up chronic hot spots • Presentations to community groups • Developed “ROAR” program • Positive feedback from public and 5th floor • “Keep Austin Beautiful” award
What went wrong? • Complaints from citizens/business owners • Complaints from Watershed Protection • Conflict between APD & Watershed Protection • Internal conflict • Conflict with SAFE unit • Problems with ROAR program • Supervisory issues w/William Traylor & DRs
Response to Problems • Public presentations stopped • ROAR program discontinued • Environmental complaints referred to SAFE • and/or other responsible agencies • William Traylor placed under NPZD
The Current State of Affairs • No proactive environmental crime efforts in CE • No public outreach or education • William Traylor restricted to Building Code • violations, not allowed to respond to citizen • complaints • Traylor is underutilized, ineffective, demoralized • Overall complaints to the SAFE unit have declined
Areas of Interest • This is work we should be doing • We are currently not doing it • Overall environmental complaints have decreased • With training, officers can be successful in correcting • environmental problems • It is possible to affect long-standing criminal problems • through code enforcement • Past efforts were positively received by public & 5th floor • Code enforcement can be highly motivating for officers • Previously, there was a lack of supervision and direction • Turf battles resulted • Type A employee is underutilized and demoralized
Mission Fix the problems and make it work.
Analyze • Attribution - WPD/APD - bias on both sides • Equity - William Traylor • VDL - “Out Group” • Other DRs • Job Redesign • Socialization
Analyze (Cont.) • Conflict - WPD/APD • Physical Separation • Infrequent Interaction • Ambiguous Work Assignments • Competition over Scarce Resources • Conflict - CE DRs/SAFE unit • Expert Power - WPD
Analyze (Cont.) • Managing the Environment • WPD - High Threat - Low Cooperation
Respond • Manage the Environment - Define the Arena • Develop protocol delineating: • Which problems APD can work, • which ones should be referred • Who to refer problem to • General enforcement guidelines • Initiate Problem Solving Process
Respond (Cont.) • Increase Valence • Emphasize Benefits • More problems worked • APD can reduce their workload • Reduce Future Conflict • Liaison Group • Reduce physical separation, • infrequent interaction issues • Superordinate Goal
Respond (Cont.) • Introduce Cultural Change • A new way of “doing business” • Job Redesign - Vertical Loading • All DRs attend Code EnforcementTraining • Increase Expectancy • Increase Valence • Reduce Resistance to Change • Emphasize Need for Change • Emphasize Positive Benefits
Respond (Cont.) • Job Redesign - Vertical Loading • Support Lt./DR Sgt. Attend Code • Enforcement Training • Develop Written SOP • Increase Expectancy • Socialize • Establish Goals & Priorities • Clarify Norms & Expectations • Reinforcing Mechanism for change
Respond (Cont.) • SOP developed w/input from: • Other code enforcement agencies • Other law enforcement agencies • Muni. Court, Cty. Attorney, D.A.’s office • Restructure William Traylor’s job • Back under DR Sgt. • High Growth Needs • Autonomy, added responsibility • Frequent contact following transition
Respond (Cont.) • With assistance of WPD, revise public • education presentation • Work with SAFE unit to work out complaint • intake process • Superordinate Goal • Regular meetings
Implementation • Lt/Sgt. Trained - 9/1/02 • Flow process worked out with SAFE - 9/1/02 • William Traylor’s job restructured - 10/1/02 • SOP completed - 12/1/02 • Protocol completed - 12/1/02 • Public Education program revised - 12/1/02 • All DRs trained - 12/31/02 • Full Implementation - 1/1/03
Assess • Public surveys - upon implementation & every • 6 months afterward • Monthly stats on # of complaints received, • investigated, and their disposition • # of man hours spent on environmental crime • Other code enforcement agencies, SAFE, • and Patrol informally polled regularly
3 Final Thoughts • Can’t lose focus on our Technical Core • Involving citizens in the identification and • correction of unsightly and dangerous • neighborhood problems is an excellent • means of Building Social Capital • Environmental problems are not confined • to the Central East Area