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Comments on “The Offshore Renminbi Exchange Rate …” by Cheung and Rime. Andrew K. Rose Berkeley-Haas, NBER, CEPR, ABFER. “Sargent” Critique Gone Wild. Sargent: Empirical Success requires regressing prices on prices or quantities on quantities Mixing Ps and Qs spells doom
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Comments on “The Offshore Renminbi Exchange Rate …”by Cheung and Rime Andrew K. Rose Berkeley-Haas, NBER, CEPR, ABFER Rose on Cheung and Rime
“Sargent” Critique Gone Wild • Sargent: Empirical Success requires regressing prices on prices or quantities on quantities • Mixing Ps and Qs spells doom • Microstructure Regressions an Exception • Evans and Lyons: Order Flow drives Prices • Same seems true here • But is that what’s really going on? Rose on Cheung and Rime
Microstructure Seems to Work OK • Tables 1, 3: Order Flow Contributes a Lot • Must be contemporaneous; even one-day lag hurts a lot (Tables 2,3,5a) • Less Success with Limit-Order Flow • Usual macro suspects contribute little • Lags, interest differentials • But volatility – also macro – works strikingly well • Highly significant, quite robust finding • A general result? Rose on Cheung and Rime
Minor Bitching • Lots of typos, grammatical mistakes … • Level of Order Flow is usually denoted ΔX (confusing), except when denoted X • Some key text omissions (e.g., data frequency) • Some potentially important data omissions (e.g., order flow volume, trading band limits) • Potentially important for explaining time-variation • Too many results Rose on Cheung and Rime
Abrupt Change in ECM Strategy • ECMs in Tables 2, 3 link spot offshore rate to order flow and interest differentials • Not very successful • ECMs in Tables 4, 5, 6 links onshore rate to offshore rate: • CNY = 1.0735 CNH • Fits well but … really? Rose on Cheung and Rime
Hard to Take Latter ECM Seriously • Why isn’t coefficient on offshore rate 1? • Insignificantly different from 1 • Economically sensible to differ from 1? • Either way, this seems like an odd model • Are other results affected? Rose on Cheung and Rime
A Little Smelly • Big jump in explanatory power from cols (7) to (8) in Table 5b • Why? Δonshore regressed on Δfix • Close to y on y? • No: coefficient of .6, R2<<1 • Why so low? Rose on Cheung and Rime
“Multicollinearity” An Issue? • Another big jump in explanatory power between cols (8) to (9) in Table 5b • Why? (Pt-Ht-1) added in addition to ECM • But ECM is (Yt-1.07Ht-1) • Close to having same regressor twice? • Again, what’s going on? Rose on Cheung and Rime
Is PBoC Fix Data Reliable? Rose on Cheung and Rime
Differences Really this Large? Rose on Cheung and Rime
Summing Up • Easy to Replicate • Some Disappointments • Ex: Little Success with Limit-Order • Some Less Interesting Results • Confirmations on Order Flow, Interest Differential • Implausible VECM results • Questionable data on fix • Striking Strong Result on Volatility • Would like to check with other currencies • Fundamentally Interesting Question: More, Please! Rose on Cheung and Rime