Internet Technology

1. Internet Technology In Music Education

2. Contents Introduction Development National Standards 35 Web Site Reviews: Internet Resources Interactive Learning Virtual Learning Communities Design Your Own Site World Music Tools and Resources Sheet Music Resource Portals References

3. Introduction

4. Introduction • Greek roots of the word technology refer to the study of art, craft, or technique (Webster 2002). • How appropriate it is to use internet technology to advance music education! • The following presentation reviews past and current use of music technology. • Reviews of web sites focus upon application and interactivity of the content.

5. Development

6. Development A quick overview of the use of technology for instructional purposes helps ground our understanding of classroom uses, past, present, and future! Note the progression from programmed instruction to interactive instruction and independent learning.

7. 1950: Earliest Uses Computers were not typically intended for educational use. Purposes included calculating missile trajectories. However, the technology industry developed programs to train its own personnel. Computing field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) research develops under Alan Turing and Claude Shannon. (Berz, 1995)

8. Researchers study the possibilities of computer-assisted instruction (CAI). Uses are primarily restricted to programmed instruction delivered by computer. 1970: SCHOLAR, the first intelligent tutoring system is introduced. 1965-1978: Mainframe Period (Berz, 1995)

9. 1978-1989: Microcomputer Period 1978: Apple II released 1981: IBM-PC released 1984: Macintosh released The development of personal computers allows the proliferation of computer technology in the home and classroom. (Berz, 1995)

10. 1989-1993: Emerging Technologies Hypermedia, Artificial Intelligence, and Virtual Reality become more instructionally flexible. Hypermedia is the use of “links” to connect information. Today, it is commonly used on the Web to view more detailed text, images, audio, video, or to go to a new web site. Virtual Reality, coined in 1989, refers to computer-based experiences conveyed electronically such that senses are engaged primarily in the electronic presentation rather than the immediate environment. (Berz, 1995)

11. 1994-2010: Technology in Curriculum 1994: Following development of National Standards in Music Education, MENC publishes “Opportunity-to-Learn” standards, including references to Computers, software, MIDI equipment, CD-ROMs, and other resources Researchers note that new models, techniques, strategies, and even philosophies must develop with the new technologies (Berz, 1995; Hebert, 2008; Lange, 2001).

12. 1994-2010: Technology in Curriculum • 1999: MENC publishes the addendum, “Opportunity-to-Learn Standards for Music Technology” • 2001: Despite growing awareness and use of technology for teachers’ own learning and correspondence, these same technologies were not integrated into the classroom for student learning (Bauer, 2001).

13. National Standards

14. National Standards • Singing, playing instruments, improvising are assisted through tools in music theory, piano pedagogy, music history, sheet music, virtual learning centers, practice-and-drill sites, and injury prevention.

15. National Standards • Composing, reading, notating, and listening standards are supported through computer assisted instruction, distance learning, electronic encyclopedias, and online mentoring.

16. National Standards • Evaluating, understanding relationships among other disciplines, and understanding music history and culture are particularly assisted by social networking aspects online: course-based e-discussions, direct contact with musicians and scholars, viewing performances and rehearsals, and musical life in all parts of the world (Bauer, 2001; Hebert, 2008; Mishra, 2004).

17. Web Site Reviews Interactive Learning

18. Musictheory.net

19. Musictheory.net Review • http://www.musictheory.net/ • Audience: Upper elementary to Educator • Features: • Online Interactive Lessons • Online Interactive Exercises • Interactive theory and performance tools • Free

20. Emusictheory.com

21. Emusictheory.com Review • http://www.emusictheory.com/freeResources.html • Audience: Upper elementary to Educator • Features: • Online Interactive Exercises • Interactive theory tools • Free (online tab) or by subscription

22. Pedaplus.com

23. Pedaplus.com Review • http://www.pedaplus.com/ • Audience: Piano, upper elementary to Educator • Features: • Repertoire • Articles • Worksheets • Interactive games • Products for sale • Free

24. Smartmusic.com

25. Smartmusic.com Review • http://www.smartmusic.com/ • Audience: Upper Elementary to Educator • Features: • Online Repertoire • Online Recording • Online Assessment • Online Ear Training • Annual subscription: $36 student, $140 teacher

26. Web Site Reviews Virtual Learning Communities

27. Music Composition Online Mentoring Program

28. Music Composition Online Mentoring Program • http://www.music-comp.org/ • Audience: Educators • Features: • Example of virtual learning community between upper elementary students and composer mentors • Also contains video files designed to help students compose on Orff instruments • Free browsing, subscription needed for posting

29. Danman’s Music.com

30. Danman’s Music.com Review • http://www.danmansmusic.com/ • Audience: Undergraduate, Educators, and Parents • Features: • Video Lessons • Lesson Plans • Products for sale • Subscription

31. Skype

32. Skype • http://www.skype.com/intl/en-us/home • Audience: Educators • Features: • Videoconferencing software permits distance studio • Free

33. Design Your Own Site

34. Your Web Site Should Include: • Advocacy for the music program • Student work via MP3 files is a primary draw to the site • However, discuss and maintain student privacy as necessary for your school community. • Resource information • Calendar and concert information for parents • Groups to join such as youth choirs and string orchestras • High-quality local performances • Lists of local private teachers (Thibeault, 2001)

35. Web Site Reviews World Music

36. BBC – Radio 3

37. BBC – Radio 3 Review • http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/discoveringmusic/videolibrary/pix.shtml • Audience: High School to Educator • Features: • Multimedia music listening • World music interactive map • Glossary • Free

38. Live-radio.net

39. Live-radio.net Review • http://www.live-radio.net/worldwide.shtml • Audience: Educators • Features: • Streaming radio from numerous countries • Free

40. Songs Indonesia.com

41. Songs Indonesia.com Review • http://songsindonesia.didiharyadi.com/ • Audience: Educators • Features: • MIDI files of Indonesian songs by category • Free

42. Dance Drummer.com

43. Dance Drummer.com Review • http://www.dancedrummer.com/ • Audience: Middle School to Educator • Features: • Video demonstrations of African drumming • Descriptions of African drums • Free

44. Cora Connection.com

45. Cora Connection.com Review • http://www.coraconnection.com/ • Audience: Educators • Features: • Profiles of Gambian instruments • Audio recordings of African music • Products for sale • Free

46. Washington.edu

47. Washington.edu Review • http://guides.lib.washington.edu/content.php?pid=58638&sid=429665 • Audience: Undergraduate to Educator • Features: • Portal for ethnomusicology publications, recordings, and journals • Free, some links restricted to login

48. National Music Museum

49. National Music Museum Review • http://orgs.usd.edu/nmm/galleries.html • Audience: Middle School to Educator • Features: • Virtual tour of the museum • Instrument images by category • Instrument history • Products for sale • Free

50. Web Site Reviews Tools and Resources