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Speed and Velocity

Learn the difference between speed and velocity, calculate average speeds, and create velocity graphs. Examples and explanations included.

bettygibson
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Speed and Velocity

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  1. Speed and Velocity

  2. For example, if a trip was recorded on the above line… Let’s say that a person walked 5 paces from the left end and rested for several minutes. Then they continued to travel in the same direction for more 10 paces before turning 180 degrees and walking 8 paces. How far from their origin are they? • What is the difference between distance and displacement?

  3. Speed vs. Velocity • Speed = distance/time • Velocity = distance/time in a given direction • For physics, distance=meters, time=seconds unless otherwise noted

  4. Instantaneous speed or velocity is determined by calculating the slope of a graphed trip at a specific point OR using a speedometer and compass • Average speed is more commonly used! Average speed=total distance/total time

  5. Example1: • Your Best friend lives 4 miles away. Your thinking green so you ride your bike to their house. If it takes 10 minutes to get there, what is your average speed in mi/min? what is your average speed in m/sec?

  6. Example 2: • A cheetah can maintain a speed of 25m/s. At this rate, how far will the cheetah run in 10 seconds? In one minute?

  7. Velocity Again… • Velocity is speed with direction!! • Change in velocity requires a change in speed (speed up or down), a change in direction (turning a corner), OR BOTH!!

  8. Standard Speed Graph Distance (m) Time (sec) Remember because speed watches a trend/change of one object, we connect our data with a line.

  9. Velocity Graph Distance (m) Time (s) Remember because velocity watches a trend/change of one object, we connect our data with a line. Velocity also has/shows direction!!

  10. Create a velocity graph for the following story problem: • A walker starting from rest travels 10 meters to the right from time 0 to 3 seconds. They then travel another 30 meters to the right in the next 3 seconds.

  11. On the same graph: • A second walker starting from rest travels 15 meters to the right from time 0 to 4 seconds. Then turns and walks 25 meters to the left in the next 5 seconds.

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