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Section 3.3

Section 3.3. Mixtures of Matter. Composition of Matter. Mixtures. Combination of two or more pure substances in which the pure substances retain their chemical properties. Examples. Sand and water Salt and water. Types of Mixtures. Heterogeneous Mixtures.

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Section 3.3

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  1. Section 3.3 Mixtures of Matter

  2. Composition of Matter

  3. Mixtures • Combination of two or more pure substances in which the pure substances retain their chemical properties

  4. Examples • Sand and water • Salt and water

  5. Types of Mixtures

  6. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Does not blend smoothly throughout it • Individual components remain distinct areas of the mixture • No uniform distribution of components throughout the mixture

  7. Homogeneous Mixture • Constant composition throughout • Single phase • Also referred to as a solution • Can be solid, liquid, or gas

  8. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?

  9. Heterogeneous or Homogenous?

  10. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?

  11. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?

  12. Separating Mixtures • Reverse of mixing • Since each component of a mixture retains chemical composition… Chemists developed various separation methods

  13. Filtration • Solid from liquid separation • Uses porous medium • Example: Filter paper

  14. Filtration Apparatus

  15. Distillation • Homogenous mixture separation • Ability of components to form gases • Example: Salt water Salt + Pure Water

  16. Distillation Apparatus

  17. Crystallization • Used when a solution contains maximum amount of dissolved substance • Add a little more and pure solid particles are produced

  18. Rock Candy Crystallization

  19. Chromatography • “Writing of Colors” • Separation by differing abilities of substances to adhere to various surface solids • Paper, starch • Example: ink separation by paper chromatography

  20. Chromatography Image

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