The Craft Risk Management Standard for Biofouling

1. The Craft Risk Management Standard for Biofouling Tracey Bates Adviser Facilities and Pathways Plants and Pathways Directorate

2. Marine pathways Vessels as vectors • What is biofouling? • The accumulation or organisms on wetted surfaces • Vessels as vectors • Vessels provide large surfaces for biofouling to accumulate • Provide a vector for the transfer of marine organisms to new places • Biocidal antifouling paints containing tributyltin (TBT) mitigated this risk • Increases in maritime trade and transport has played a major role in spread of marine organisms outside their natural geographic ranges • > 3,000 vessels enter NZ annually • Estimated 69-87% of non-indigenous marine species in New Zealand are linked to vessel biofouling pathway Image credits: John A Lewis

3. Development of the Craft Risk Management Standard (CRMS) for Biofouling • Biofouling identified as a risk • NZ Government vessel survey 2004-2007, 2009 • 87% of non-indigenous marine species linked to biofouling pathway • Vessel biofouling risk analysis • Tools to manage risk • Import Health Standard • Craft Risk Management Standard • Risk mitigation • International solution (IMO)? • Voluntary measures • Mandatory requirements

4. The Requirements of the CRMS Biofouling • Intent • to reduce risk of biofouling by requiring operators to take preventative measures to manage biofouling before they arrive into NZ. • Vessel operators required to use one of three measures given in the standard to achieve a clean hull • The “clean hull thresholds” will be used to verify one of these measures has been used • Applies to all vessels arriving into New Zealand, from 15 May 2018

5. How to comply with the CRMS Operators must use preventative measures and maintain a clean hull before they arrive into NZ. • Cleaning the vessel hull less than 30 days before arrival • Continual maintenance using best practice • Booking appointment for haul out at MPI-approved facility within 24 hrs of arrival Vessels that cannot use one of these options may develop a Craft Risk Management Plan to be approved by MPI.

7. What is best practice? • Use suitable antifouling systems • Operate according to profile, and have contingency plans if a vessel falls out of its profile • Maintain, clean and inspect niche areas • Sea chests • Sea inlet pipes • Hull appendages • Demonstrate best practice to MPI • Biofouling management plan and record book • Keep vessel inspection/cleaning reports to show MPI / Clean hull Fouled niche areas

9. International Situation • Australia • Currently no legislative requirements expressly dealing with biofouling • The Biosecurity Act 2015 does provide powers in relation to vessels if the biosecurity risk is unacceptable. • Western Australia does have state wide rules for noxious pests • California State Lands Commission • Biofouling Management Regulations to Minimize the Transport of Nonindigenous Species from Vessels Arriving at California Ports • Applies to vessels of 300 GRT or more and are capable of carrying ballast water • International Maritime Organisation • GloFouling

10. Verification and Enforcement Steve Gilbert, Director, Border Clearance Services Sharon Tohovaka, Manager Capability, Border Clearance Services Andrew Spelman, Manager Central and South, Border Clearance Services

11. Verification • Documentation • Anti fouling certificate • Biofouling Management Plan • Follow up questions • Record Keeping • Anti-fouling certificates • Anti-foul coating • Application date • Type of anti-fouling • Application to niche areas

12. Verification • Record Keeping • Reports from recent hull and niche area inspection • Date stamped photos/video • Reports from most recent hull and niche area cleaning • Records of contingency planning • Biofouling Management Plan • Biofouling Record Book • Dive Inspection

13. Enforcement • Non-Compliant • Factors considered • How likely that the organism will reproduce • How likely that the organisms will be displaced from the vessel • How likely that the organism or its offspring will survive and establish • Actions • Dive inspection • Cleaning in water • Preferably outside 12nm • Haul Out • Note: No haul out, dry dock or treatment options for vessels >120m in New Zealand

14. Enforcement • Hull Inspection • Conducted by MPI approved hull surveyors or company • MPI approved treatments • Approved treatment applied within 24 hrs of arrival • Treatment outside NZ • Supplier approved by another governing body e.g. government department Note: No approved suppliers of treatment within NZ

15. Enforcement • Issue of Legal Directions • When vessel enters 12nm limit • At berth – treat, reship, destroy • Noting no treatment providers in NZ • Failure to comply is a criminal offence • Individual – imprisonment not exceeding 3 months • Fine not exceeding $50,000 • Or both • Corporation – fine not exceeding $100,000 • Discharge may be denied if the vessel poses a biosecurity risk

16. Questions?