Human Activities That Endanger An Ecosystem. Impact Of Human Activities On The Ecosystem.

1. Conservation of Biology Human Activities That Endanger An Ecosystem. Impact Of Human Activities On The Ecosystem. Green House Effect And Thinning Of The Ozone Layer. Effect Of Unplanned Development And Mismanagement Of Ecosystem.

2. Trees are known to have stabilish influence on the composition of the atmosphere, the climate and the soil. • Nowadays, trees are cut down and forest are cleared at a faster rate than they are replaced. Our ecosystem are now in danger.

3. HUMAN ACTIVITIES THAT ENDANGERD ECOSYSTEM • The size of the human population has been rising exponentially. The effect of human activities on the environment is proportional to the size of the human population. • Since older days, human hunted, fished and removed trees to make shelters. Humans too kept animals such as sheep, cattle, and goats to graze on vast areas of grasslands, harming the ecosystem. • Human cleared much forest to provide a greater area for agriculture. Continue farming on the same piece of land depletes the land of nutrients, thus, forming desert when abandoned by man.

4. IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON THE ECOSYSTEM • Hunting of animals and harvesting of crops cause extinction of flora and fauna.

5. use of pesticides, herbicides and fertilisers in agriculture lead to population and harm the organisms in the farm. • Building of factories for industrial purposes destroys the forest. Release of gases such as carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides pollute the air. • Increase in number of houses vehicles give rise to air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution

6. EFFECT OF UNPLANNED DEVELOPMENT AND MISMANAGEMENT OF THE ECOSYSTEM • Development is needed to improve the quality of human’s life in the aspects of economy, social, physical, technology and education. • Expansion of industries, transport network and other living conditions are carried out at the expense of the environment when they are not properly planned and managed. • The effects of unplanned development and mismanagement of the ecosystem include soil erosion, flash flood, landslide, eutrophication and so on. • DEFORESTATION process a major threat to our forest. Deforestation is the act of clearing of the forest by cutting down trees for its valuable timber, and for building of roads, houses and other uses including stock rearing and agriculture. • When trees are cut down, the soil surface is exposed directly to the force of rainfall. The top most fertile layers gets washed away causing soil erossin.

7. Eroded soil may be deposited in rivers. During heavy rain, rainwater flow quickly into rivers because there is no retention of water by the roots of the plants. Due to silting in the rivers, the water flow is blocked. Water flows inland causing flash floods in low land areas. • Deforestation and unplanned development on slope may cause soil erosin which leads to landslide. • Many specise of organisms are facing extinction threat when their habitats are being cleared. • In the forest, water taken in by plants is lost through transpiration. Water vapour condenses and precipitates into rain. When trees are cut down, there is a reduction of transpiration resulting in fewer clouds and lesser rainfall, the area becomes hotter and drier.

8. Global warming occurs when the greenhouse gases slow down the loss of infrared radiation from the atmosphere to the spaces. This caises an increase in temperature of the atmosphere. • Chorofluorocarbons, which are used in the making of aerosol cans, as coolants in air conditioners, as solvents in electric industry and in polystyrene are responsible for ozone depletion. • The use of industrial and agricultural chemicals and dumping of rubbish into river contribute to water pollution. Eutrophication is a result of too much of organic salts being washed into lakes, encouraging the growth of algae. This will block the sunlight from reaching the inner depth of the lake. • Heated waste water from industrial plants and building with glass panels and cause thermal pollution. • Air pollution is the result of burning of fuels.

9. POLLUTION • Pollution is an undesirable change in the chemical, physical, or biological characteristics of the nature. • Pollutant is any substance that is present an an excessive amount in the environment as a result of human activities. Pollutants have damaging effects on our health. They are also harmful to other living organisms. • There are four type of pollutant. Air pollution, water pollution, thermal pollution and noise pollution

10. TYPES OF POLLUTION • AIR POLLUTION • WATER POLLUTION • THERMAL POLLUTION • NOISE POLLUTION

12. WATER POLLUTION • Discharging industrial wastes, agriculture wastes, domestic wastes and sewage into rivers. Ontribution to water pollution. • Thus causing the water to be un safe for human’s consumption as well endangered the lives of aquatic organisms.

14. GREENHOUSE EFFECT AND THINNING OF THE OZONE LAYER • GREENHOUSE EFFECT • Energy from the sun reaches the earth through radiation. Some of this radiation is absorbed by the earth to warm the surfaces of sea and land, as the earth warms up, heat in the form of infrared radiation is emitted back to the space. • However, much of this radiation is prevented from escaping to the space by certain gases such as carbon dioxide,methane. These gases particularly carbon dioxide absorb the infrared radiation. As a result the heat is radiated back to the Earth surface, warming the earth further. • http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/greenhouse/

15. GREENHOUSE EFFECT AND THINNING OF THE OZONE LAYER • This effect is similar to a greenhouse used in farming, it is usually found in temperature countries, whereby the glass of the greenhouse traps the heat of the sun to keep the soil and air warm • The phenomena of over warming of the earth ia known as a greenhouse effect. • The increase in carbon dioxide levels are due to combustion of fossil fuils, mainly coal and deforestation and open burning. • Some scientist predicted that the earth temperature cuold rise 1.5oc to 4.50c by 2030.

16. GREENHOUSE EFFECT AND THINNING OF THE OZONE LAYER • With the thinning of the ozone layer, more UV radiation reaches the earth surface. The following are the effects of ozone depletion on the environment, include increase in surrounding temperature, change in wind directions, change in climate. On plants, damage to crops due to over exposure to UV, and damage of the phytoplantons. On human health, they will get skin cancer, cataract, and weakened immune system

17. THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ARE:- • Rise in a see level due to melting to ice • Flood inlowlands • Climatic change • Drought • Dry and interfile soil

18. THE IMPORTANCE OF PROPER MANAGEMENT OF DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES AND THE ECOSYSTEM • Development activities must be properly managed to protect the plants and animals and to maintain a stablebalanced ecosystem.measures that taken include, implementation of lzws to reduce pollution, use of technology, formal and informal education sterssing on the concept of recycling to conserve nonrenewable resources, reducing and reusing, preservation and conservation to reduce environmental pollution and to protect plant and animal species, especially those in danger of extinction, biological control to reduce excessive usage of pestices, and efficient use of energy and using renewable energy, for example solar energy, hydroelectric power and wind power.

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