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MODULE 2

MODULE 2. Two-dimensional materials instructional materials. TWO-DIMENSIONAL (2D).

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MODULE 2

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  1. MODULE 2 Two-dimensional materials instructional materials

  2. TWO-DIMENSIONAL (2D) • At this time and age, teachers have wide array of choices of what instructional media to use. However, when you visit classrooms, the most common (or the only) instructional media you will find are those that are the two-dimensional. • Two-dimensional are the things that only has a length and a width that only appears in the in the vision of the child.

  3. CHALKBOARD • These are the most common instructional media found in classrooms, rural and urban alike. Chalkboards, once called blackboards, come in a variety of colors but the most common is green . • A chalk is used is used for writing in on its surface . • Aside from using it as a medium for verbal communication, it is also used as a surface where pictures are, posters, charts, etc are posted.

  4. WHITEBOARDS AND MAGNETIC BOARDS • Whiteboards and magnetic boards (also sometimes called multipurpose boards) are those with the glossy surface, commonly white color, where non permanent markings are made with he use of special felt pens. • These became popular around the 90s when there was a growing concern on the potential health risk of chalk dust. • A white board became a magnetic board a magnetic board when it is made with a metal base.

  5. CLOTH BOARDS • This is a piece of plywood or heavy cardboard covered with either felt, flannel, or carpet. • The fuzzy surface of a felt, flannel, or carpet allows visual materials with appropriate backing to adhere. • The following will hold to these kind of boards: felt, flannel, sandpaper, and yarn.

  6. HOOK AND LOOP BOARDS • In creating hoop-and-loop board, a plywood or heavy cardboard is covered with a nylon loop material and the nylon hooks are adhered on the back of the instructional materials to be placed on the board. • The material used to cover the board is a nylon loop material. The material used to cover the back of the objects to stick to the board is a nylon hook material. • Objects used on a hook and loop board may be larger, heavier, or have dimension to them because of the strength in the grip of the hook and loop material.

  7. PEG BOARDS • Are made of tampered masonite with 1/8inch holes drilled 1 inch apart. • These boards are used in displaying three-dimensional objects or heavy materials with the use of hooks inserted into the board. • Perforated hardboard is tempered hardboard which is pre-drilled with evenly spaced holes. The holes are used to accept pegs or hooks to support various items, such as tools in a workshop. 

  8. BULLETIN BOARD • Bulletin boards are generally not used directly in instruction but tend to be a supplement. • These boards are usually designed as an instructional device that can carry a message without the presence of a teacher. • Many sport dozens, if not hundreds or thousands of public bulletin boards, used for everything from advertisements by extracurricular groups and local shops to official notices.

  9. GRAPHIC MATERIALS • Graphic materials translate abstract ideas and relationships into a concrete form. • They are non-photographic, two-dimensional materials designed to communicate a message to the viewer . • They often include verbal as well as visual symbols.

  10. DRAWING AND SKETCHES • Drawing and sketches employ the use of lines, either simple or crude. They may not be the real thing but they may represent persons, places, things, and concepts. • In general, drawings are more finished and representational compared to sketches. •  a rapidly executed freehand drawing that is not intended as a finished work.

  11. CARTOONS • Cartoons use symbolism and oftentimes bold exaggeration to present at a glance a message or point concerning news events, people or situation. • This pictorial representation of a person, idea or situation should be drawn around a single idea and presented in in a challenging manner. • A good cartoon needs not much caption as the symbolism conveys the message.

  12. STRIP DRAWINGS • It is a form of cartooning in which a cast of characters enacts a story in a sequence of closely related drawings. • A comic strip is a sequence of drawings arranged in interrelated panels to display brief humor or form a narrative, often serialized, with text in balloons and captions. • Strips are written and drawn by a comics artist or cartoonist. 

  13. POSTERS • Posters are combination of lines, images, colors, and words. • They are intended to catch attention and communicate a message quickly. • Posters can be used to stimulate interest in a new topic, a special class, or a new event. • In selecting a poster to use, make sure that it is appropriate to the grade level, subject, and purpose.

  14. CHARTS • Charts are graphic representation of abstract relationship such as chronologies, quantities, and hierarchies . • A chart is a graphical representation of data, in which "the data is represented by symbols, such as bars in a bar chart, lines in a line chart, or slices in a pie chart".

  15. Types of charts • A. organizational charts • B. classification charts • C. time lines • D. tabular charts • E. flow charts • F. tree or stream charts • G. gannt charts

  16. GRAPHS • Graphs show quantitative data. These kind of graphics make analysis an interpretation of numerical information easier. • A graphic (such as a chart or diagram) depicting the relationship between two or more variables used, for instance, in visualizing scientific data.

  17. Types of graphs • A. line graph • B. bar graph • C. pie graph • D. area or solid graph • E. pictorial graph

  18. DIAGRAMS • Diagram are intended to show or to help explain a process, how sometimes works or how something is constructed. • A diagram is a two-dimensional geometric symbolic representation of information according to some visualization technique. Sometimes, the technique uses a three-dimensional visualization which is then projected onto the two-dimensional surface. The word graph is sometimes used as a synonym for diagram.

  19. TYPES OF DIAGRAMS • Cluster or cloud diagram • Chain of events fishbone mapping • Cycle • Compare/contrast • Venn diagram • Maps (flat maps) • Flip charts

  20. PICTURES AND PHOTOGRAPHS • The generic term picture includes any kind of opaque representation of visual images which include drawing, photograph, books, and magazines. • The term photograph only includes those images that were recorded by a camera and is usually an exact representation of the original. • images may be two-dimensional, such as a photograph, screen display, and as well as a three-dimensional, such as a statue or hologram.

  21. POSTCARDS • These are commercially printed with space on one side for an address and postage stamp used for sending a short message through mail. • Postcards on the country’s scenic spots, heroes or presidents are widely available. • They can be used in teaching in social studies or as items to be posted on the bulletin board.

  22. FLASHCARDS • These materials are used for drill activities in teaching certain topics. • Flashcards may contain words, phases, sentences and math combinations. They can help develop skills as well as automatizing responses of learners. • flashcard or flash card is a set of cards bearing information, as words or numbers, on either or both sides, used in classroom drills or in private study. 

  23. MODULE 3 THREE-DIMESIONAL (3D)

  24. MODELS AND MOCK-UPS • Models are less modified real things- reproductions of costly or delicate items that can be provided at reasonable cost and are safe to use. • They are replicas of the real objects which may be larger or smaller than the real thing. • Mockups can be used as a low cost alternative to the actual hardware. Basetechdesigns and builds training mockups for both the public and private sector. These mockups can be low detail representations used for recognition training or high detail functional replicas used for operations and maintenance certification training.

  25. DIORAMA • The term diorama is of Greek origin which means to see through . • It is also known as a meaningful exhibit in boxes or cases, which are portable. • he word diorama can either refer to a nineteenth century mobile theatre device, or, in modern usage, a three-dimensional full-size or miniature model, sometimes enclosed in a glass showcase for a museum. • Dioramas are often built by hobbyists as part of related hobbies such as military vehicle modeling, miniature figure modeling, or aircraft modeling.

  26. PUPPETS • Are artificial figures whose movements are controlled by a person. • They are inanimate objects that are manipulated so as to appear to be moving. • There are many different varieties of puppets, and they are made of a wide range of materials, depending on their form and intended use. They can be extremely complex or very simple in their construction. They may even be found objects. 

  27. TYPES OF PUPPETS • Shadow puppets • Rod puppets • Hand puppets • Glove-and-finger puppets • Marionettes

  28. MODULE 4 PROJECTION SYSTEM

  29. FILMSTRIP PROJECTOR • It is a device used to view a filmstrip. • The term filmstrip refers to a roll of 35mm transparent film containing a series of containing a series of related a still pictures shown one at a time. • Most projectors creates an image by shining a light through a small transparent image, but some newer types of projectors can project the image directly, by using lasers. A virtual retinal display, or retinal projector, is a projector that projects an image directly on the retina instead of using an external projection screen.

  30. SLIDE PROJECTOR • It is a device used to view photographic slides. • The term slides refers to a small format photographic transparency individually mounted for one at a time projection.

  31. OVERHEAD PROJECTOR • It is a box with a large stage on the top surface. • A lamp from inside the box is condensed by a special type of lens and passes through the transparency that is composed on then stage. • A transparency may be composed of photographic film, clear acetate, or any transparent material capable of being imprinted with an image by means of chemical, heat process or direct drawing method.

  32. OPAQUE PROJECTOR • The opaque projector, epidiascopes, epidiascope or episcope is a device which displays opaque materials by shining a bright lamp onto the object from above. A system of mirrors,  • Opaque projectors require brighter bulbs and larger lenses than overhead projectors. Care must be taken that the materials are not damaged by the heat generated by the light source.

  33. LCD PROJECTOR • This is a type of projector that can display video, images, or computer data on screen or any flat surface. • For this projector to work, it should be connected to a computer. •  As polarized light passes through the panels (combination of polarizer, LCD panel and analyzer), individual pixels can be opened to allow light to pass or closed to block the light.

  34. MODULE 5 COMPUTERS AND THE INTERNET

  35. COMPUTER • A system wherein its parts perform a unified job of receiving inputs, processes the information and transforms the information into a new kind of result. • A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem.

  36. INTERNET • The internet is the word wide network of in connected computer networks that operates using a standardized set of communication protocols. • It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. 

  37. WEB 2.0 • Wiki • Blog • Online collaborative websites • Media sharing • Social bookmarking

  38. WEB ENHANCED LEARNING ACTIVITIES • Online treasure hurt • webquest

  39. http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/blog/2009/feb/12/guardian-interactive-chalkboards-football-competitionhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/blog/2009/feb/12/guardian-interactive-chalkboards-football-competition • http://www.telonscreen.com/products_detail.asp?id=857 • http://www.supplierlist.com/b2b/products/donglongba/p-0/showroom.htm • http://www.leprechaunpedalboards.com/products.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perforated_hardboard • http://www.squidoo.com/frog-bulletin-boards • http://blog.scottandersonstudio.com/2008/08/19/more-figure-drawings-2/ • http://www.stus.com/stus-category.php?cat=PLA&sub=CLB&name=law+librarian+cartoons • http://www.larsonsworld.com/blog/archives/cat_1064569116.html • http://chartmedia.co.uk/ • http://www.baekdal.com/insights/usable-graphs • http://www.agilemodeling.com/artifacts/useCaseDiagram.htm • http://www.old-picture.com/ • http://www.wireframedesign.co.uk/one/postcard-design-work.htm • http://www.babygadget.net/2007/11/mudpuppy_flash_cards.php • http://www.yangsquare.com/beyond-aerodynamics-for-caravan/ • http://japanese-trains.com/setagaya/ • http://www.christianpuppets.ca/ • http://joelnicholsblog.wordpress.com/2010/04/08/weather-special-special-weather/ • http://www.plasma.com/philipsprojectors/lc4441.htm

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