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Normal Line

Normal Line. Less Dense. More Dense. Normal Line #1. Fast. Slow. Light Beam. AIR. WATER. AIR. Normal Line. More Dense. Less Dense. Normal Line #1. Fast. Slow. Fast. Normal Line #2. Light Beam. AIR. WATER. AIR. Refraction Examples.

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Normal Line

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  1. Normal Line Less Dense More Dense

  2. Normal Line #1 Fast Slow Light Beam AIR WATER AIR

  3. Normal Line More Dense Less Dense

  4. Normal Line #1 Fast Slow Fast Normal Line #2 Light Beam AIR WATER AIR

  5. Refraction Examples • Light slows down when it goes from air into water and bends toward the normal. • An Analogy: A car slows down when it goes from pavement onto gravel and turns toward the normal. • An Illusion : Fish in the water appear closer and nearer the surface. (See Figure 28.27)

  6. http://cougar.slvhs.slv.k12.ca.us/~pboomer/physicslectures/secondsemester/light/refraction/refraction.htmlhttp://cougar.slvhs.slv.k12.ca.us/~pboomer/physicslectures/secondsemester/light/refraction/refraction.html

  7. Refraction Observer AIR WATER False Fish True Fish

  8. Lenses • Diverging Lens • A lens that is thinner in the middle than at the edges, causing parallel light rays to diverge. • Converging Lens • A lens that is thicker in the middle and refracts parallel light rays passing through to a focus.

  9. Diverging or Concave Lens C C F F

  10. Converging or Convex Lens C F C F

  11. Converging or Convex Lens C F C F

  12. Converging or Convex Lens C F C F

  13. Converging or Convex Lens C F C F

  14. Converging or Convex Lens C F C F

  15. Converging or Convex Lens C F C F

  16. Myopia (Near-Sightedness) People with near-sightedness cannot see clearly at distance.

  17. Hyperopia (Farsightedness) People with far-sightedness cannot see clearly up close

  18. Total Internal Reflection... …is the total reflection of light traveling in a medium when it strikes a surface of a less dense medium

  19. Refraction Critical Angle AIR WATER Total Internal Reflection Light Source

  20. http://cougar.slvhs.slv.k12.ca.us/~pboomer/physicslectures/secondsemester/light/refraction/refraction.htmlhttp://cougar.slvhs.slv.k12.ca.us/~pboomer/physicslectures/secondsemester/light/refraction/refraction.html

  21. Total Internal Reflection occurs when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle. • The critical angle for an air-water interface is 48°. • Fish can see everything above the water’s surface in a 96° cone of vision. • Demo - Laser and light pipe

  22. http://cougar.slvhs.slv.k12.ca.us/~pboomer/physicslectures/secondsemester/light/refraction/refraction.htmlhttp://cougar.slvhs.slv.k12.ca.us/~pboomer/physicslectures/secondsemester/light/refraction/refraction.html

  23. Dispersion... • …is the separation of white light into pure colors (ROY G. BIV). • Dispersion Examples: • Prisms • Diffraction Gratings • CD’s • Raindrops

  24. Rainbows • Raindrops refract, reflect and disperse sunlight. • Rainbows will always appear opposite of the Sun in the sky. • You cannot run from or run to a rainbow!

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