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Fundamental Mechanics PHYS 131- 003 Dr. Middleton

Fundamental Mechanics PHYS 131- 003 Dr. Middleton. Announcements. Homework for tomorrow… (Ch. 1, Probs 25 & 38) Labs begin next week Office hours… M 3-4 pm TWR 9-10 am F 1-2 pm Tutorial Learning Center – Houston Hall 113 MWR 8 am-6 pm T 8 am-7 pm

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Fundamental Mechanics PHYS 131- 003 Dr. Middleton

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  1. Fundamental MechanicsPHYS 131-003Dr. Middleton

  2. Announcements • Homework for tomorrow… (Ch. 1, Probs 25 & 38) • Labs beginnextweek • Office hours… M 3-4 pm TWR 9-10 am F 1-2 pm • Tutorial Learning Center – Houston Hall 113 MWR 8 am-6 pm T 8 am-7 pm F 8 am-5 pm

  3. Chapter 1 Measurement

  4. Section 1.1:Introduction Physics … • is the work of ~2,500 years of effort • is the study of the basic components of the universe and their interactions. • is the study of matter, interaction, and change. • obeys the Scientific Method.

  5. Scientific Method (in 4 Steps) • Observation (and description of phenomenon) • Hypothesis • “Guess” based on intuition & imagination to “try” to explain phenomena • Prediction (of other phenomena) • Experimentation (to test predictions)

  6. Scientific Method • If experiments confirm hypothesis -> regarded as theory or law of Nature • If experiments contradict hypothesis -> hypothesis rejected • Science can never be proved, only disproved

  7. The Language of Physics… …is Mathematics!! • Symbolic statements which are concise i.e. V = 4πR3/3 • Mathematics is applicable to physics i.e. R = (3V/4 π)1/3

  8. Section 1.2: Basic Measurements in the Study of Motion Fundamental Physical Quantities • Length • Mass • Time • Other physical quantities can be constructed from these 3

  9. Section 1.4: The International System of Units • ALL physical quantities must possess units. • The value of a physical quantity is actually the product of a number and a unit! Systems of units • SI (a.k.a. mks) [Length]=m, [Mass]=kg, [Time]=s • cgs [Length]=cm, [Mass]=g, [Time]=s • US Customary [Length]=ft, [Mass]=slug, [Time]=s

  10. Scientific Notation • Allows for a concise description of very large and very small quantities • i.e.’s • Notice: Significant Figures are obvious when using Scientific Notation

  11. Prefixes • Prefixes correspond to powers of 10 • Attaching a prefix to an SI unit has the effect of multiplying it by the associated factor

  12. Unit Analysis Units can be treated as algebraic quantities Units add, subtract, multiply, divide Both sides of equation MUST have the same units Units of some common quantities…

  13. Section 1.3, 1.5-1.8: Independent Study!

  14. Section 1.9: Changing Units • Units can be treated like algebraic quantities that can “cancel” each other • To change units, multiply quantity by a conversion factor(ratio of units that is equal to 1) • i.e. • Q: How many cans of beer are there in a keg?

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