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Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

Object-Oriented Analysis and Design. Lesson 1: Introduction to Software Engineering. Objectives. Define object technology and identify its place in the evolution of software engineering

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Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

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  1. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

  2. Lesson 1:Introduction toSoftware Engineering

  3. Objectives • Define object technology and identify its place in the evolution of software engineering • Describe the differences between a structured approach and an object-oriented approach to software development • Identify the advantages and disadvantages of an object-oriented approach to software development • Discuss the need for analysis and design

  4. Evolution ofSoftware Engineering • Data flow • Programming languages • Software systems • Analysis and design methodologies

  5. Object Technology • Objects maintain properties about their state

  6. Advantages of anObject-Oriented Approach • Maintainable • Reusable • Scalable

  7. Analysisand Design • Unified Software Development Process • Software crisis

  8. Summary • Define object technology and identify its place in the evolution of software engineering • Describe the differences between a structured approach and an object-oriented approach to software development • Identify the advantages and disadvantages of an object-oriented approach to software development • Discuss the need for analysis and design

  9. Lesson 2:Understanding the Object Paradigm

  10. Objectives • Explain the difference between classes and instances • Identify the benefits of abstraction and encapsulation • Define a simple object model using the “has a” and “uses a” relationships • Describe Jacobson’s application object types

  11. Classes Classes Instantiation Objects

  12. Encapsulation • Methods • Accessors • Mutators

  13. Abstraction • Used to manage complexity

  14. ObjectRelationships • “has a” • “uses a”

  15. Application Objects • Entity objects • Interface objects • Control objects

  16. Summary • Explain the difference between classes and instances • Identify the benefits of abstraction and encapsulation • Define a simple object model using the “has a” and “uses a” relationships • Describe Jacobson’s application object types

  17. Lesson 3:Inheritanceand Polymorphism

  18. Objectives • Identify the benefits of inheritance • Identify the benefits of polymorphism • Define abstract classes • Identify the benefits of multiple inheritance

  19. Inheritance • Inheritance  “is a” relationship • Superclasses • Inheriting attributes • Subclasses • Inheriting methods • Extending components with inheritance

  20. Polymorphism • The ability of subclasses to override methods defined in classes that are higher in the class hierarchy

  21. Abstract Classes • Declare methods without providing implementation

  22. MultipleInheritance • Inheritance from two or more superclasses

  23. Summary • Identify the benefits of inheritance • Identify the benefits of polymorphism • Define abstract classes • Identify the benefits of multiple inheritance

  24. Lesson 4:Software DevelopmentLife Cycle

  25. Objectives • Define software development life cycle • Describe the Waterfall life cycle model • Describe the V-Shaped life cycle model • Describe the Incremental life cycle model • Describe the Spiral life cycle model

  26. Software DevelopmentLife Cycle Model • Requirements gathering • Design • Implementation • Testing

  27. WaterfallLife Cycle Model • Classic, or linear-sequential, life cycle model • Characterized by a series of discrete phases that must be completed in a linear sequential order

  28. V-ShapedLife Cycle Model • Adds emphasis to testing

  29. IncrementalLife Cycle Model • Evolutionary • A working version of the software is created by the end of the first iteration, and subsequent iterations build on the work of earlier iterations

  30. SpiralLife Cycle Model • Incorporates risk analysis • Divided into four phases • Planning • Risk analysis • Engineering • Evaluation

  31. Summary • Define software development life cycle • Describe the Waterfall life cycle model • Describe the V-Shaped life cycle model • Describe the Incremental life cycle model • Describe the Spiral life cycle model

  32. Lesson 5:The Unified SoftwareDevelopment Process

  33. Objectives • Describe the Unified Process • Identify the phases of the Unified Process • Identify the core workflows of the Unified Process

  34. The Unified Process • Use-case driven • Architecture-centric • Iterative and incremental

  35. Life Cycle ofthe Unified Process • Cycles • Single cycle

  36. Phases • Inception • Elaboration • Architecture baseline • Construction • Beta release • Beta test • Transition

  37. Iterations • Increments

  38. Core Workflows • Requirements • Analysis • Design • Implementation • Test

  39. Summary • Describe the Unified Process • Identify the phases of the Unified Process • Identify the core workflows of the Unified Process

  40. Lesson 6:The UnifiedModeling Language

  41. Objectives • Describe the history of the UML • Describe the purpose of a modeling language • Describe the purpose of models • Identify UML views

  42. Models • Modeling levels • High-level models • Abstract models • Full specification models

  43. Static Use-case Implementation Deployment State machine Activity Interaction Model management Views

  44. Summary • Describe the history of the UML • Describe the purpose of a modeling language • Describe the purpose of models • Identify UML views

  45. Lesson 7:Computer-AidedSoftware Engineering

  46. Objectives • Identify the role of CASE tools in the software development process • Identify the criteria for selecting a CASE tool • Identify the benefits and limitations of CASE tools • Install and use Argo/UML

  47. Selecting a CASE Tool • Methodology • Flexibility • Collaboration • Diagram validation

  48. Summary • Identify the role of CASE tools in the software development process • Identify the criteria for selecting a CASE tool • Identify the benefits and limitations of CASE tools • Install and use Argo/UML

  49. Lesson 8:The RequirementsWorkflow

  50. Objectives • Describe the purpose of the requirements workflow • Describe the activities of the requirements workflow • Describe the deliverables of the requirements workflow • Create a list of candidate requirements • Create a simple domain model

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