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“The more Indians we can kill this year, the less will have to be killed the next war.”

“The more Indians we can kill this year, the less will have to be killed the next war.”. -General William Tecumseh Sherman. Native Americans. Policy toward Native Americans changed over time # the 4 policy changes 1 – 4 Removal – Indian Removal Act, 1830, Pres. Jackson

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“The more Indians we can kill this year, the less will have to be killed the next war.”

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  1. “The more Indians we can kill this year, the less will have to be killed the next war.” -General William Tecumseh Sherman

  2. Native Americans Policy toward Native Americans changed over time # the 4 policy changes 1 – 4 Removal – Indian Removal Act, 1830, Pres. Jackson -move the 5 “civilized” nations to Oklahoma so white settlers could have the good land -”Trail of Tears” Reservations – 1850’s (p. 438) -white settlers wanted western lands -break up power of Plains Indians & open up their land for settlement

  3. Assimilation (p. 442) -becoming similar to the people around you -reformers believed they would be better off if they abandoned their culture and adopted the culture of white America -established the Bureau of Indian Affairs forced kids to go to school -boys had to cut their hair -wear American clothing vs skins & blankets -speak English -no face paint -discouraged from practicing their own culture

  4. “They made us many promises, more than I can remember, but they never kept but one. They promised to take our land, and they took it.” -Red Cloud

  5. Dawes Act 1887 (p. 443) -Americanize the Native Americans -broke up reservations & turned Native Americans into individual property owners -Not successful since the best land was sold off and the poor land given to the Native Americans

  6. “What treaty that the whites have kept has the red man broken? Not one. What treaty that the white man ever made with us have they kept? Not one.” -Sitting Bull

  7. Resistance Indian Wars • Sand Creek Massacre p. 440 – do yourself • “Long Walk” -Navajos from AZ, NM, UT and CO were forced to relocate to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, NM -1st reservation west of OK -After 4+ years, they were allowed to return to their native lands along the NM-AZ border -Today, the Navajo Nation is the largest Native American community in the US

  8. homework • finish the summaries about Native American resistance

  9. Welcome back! I hope you had a good week off. • You may continue to complete work from the 1st 9 weeks if you need to. It will not change your report card grade but it will increase your % so that when grades are averaged you will be in better shape. • Remember that your semester grade is what goes on your transcript and counts towards your overall GPA. For this class, your semester grade will be calculated like this: • 1st 9 weeks = 40% • 2nd 9 weeks = 40% • District essay final exam = 10% • District multiple choice exam = 10%

  10. Warm up 10/15/12-this starts a new notebook grade so begin on a new page • Read the 2 paragraphs under the heading “Major Western Trails” p. 297 • Read about 1 of the 3 trails. Write down 4 facts.

  11. Take out your pink packet • 1st page should be complete. • Back of page 3 should be complete • We are completing front of page 2 today • In the margin of page 2, write “Manifest Destiny” • Read p. 297 and explain what it means

  12. Mountain Men • Sense of adventure; rugged individuals • Lived by hunting and fur trading • Provided information about the West for future settlement • link between whites and Native Americans Arizona Connection: Bill Williams – Williams, AZ Pauline Weaver – Weaver’s Needle in the Superstitions

  13. Mormons • Church founded in 1830 in NY by Joseph Smith • Persecuted by religious and political groups • Smith & followers moved to OH and then IL • Began “trek” to West in 1846 led by Brigham Young • Arrived in Salt Lake valley in 1847 – it was Mexican territory at the time Arizona Connection: Mesa established in 1877 as a Mormon settlement

  14. Miners • California Gold Rush – 1849 • Other Gold Rushes followed • Silver and copper also discovered • the miners moved west east as lodes ran out or new ones were discovered Arizona Connection: Tombstone, Bisbee, Globe, Jerome and many other towns began as mining settlements

  15. Warm up 10/16/12 • Read p. 460 “Tentacles of Steel” • Using complete sentences, answer these 2 questions: • Why did the government begin to regulate the railroads? • Why was the Southern Pacific Railroad thought of as an octopus?

  16. Railroad • Write 3 facts from the video in the margin of the “Railroad” page

  17. Railroads (map. 462) • America’s first BIG business • Transcontinental Railroad completed in 1869 at Promontory Point Summit, Utah • 1870-1890 - huge growth in western railroads • Immigrants provided labor force • Federal government gave companies land for each mile of track laid And in Exchange… • Railroads agreed to transport mail and soldiers at reduced rates

  18. Effects of railroad construction • Faster & Easier to get across the country • encouraged people to move onto the Great Plains • Construction provided jobs for immigrants, especially Chinese and Irish • Boosted US economy • Physically united America • Loss of buffalo severely hurt the Native Americans (the buffalo was their Super Wal-Mart)

  19. Construction made possible by: • Favorable terrain (except for those Rocky mountains!) • Land grants from the Federal Govt • Large number of immigrants looking for work (especially Chinese & Irish)

  20. Transcontinental Railroad Central Pacific California Chinese Workers Union Pacific Irish Workers

  21. One Effect of the Railroad • Summary activity: In your notebook, under today’s warm up, write a 6 sentence paragraph with the following line as your topic sentence: • “The railroads changed the American West in positive and negative ways.” • Homework if you do not finish

  22. warm up 10/17/12 • List the 3 M’s that traveled west • List one benefit of the railroads.

  23. Ranchers • Demand for beef skyrocketed after Civil War • Texas provided grassland good for ranching (Texas Longhorns) • Problem was getting cattle to market • Problem solved when railroads reached Kansas • “Long Drive” – huge herds moved from Texas to Kansas along cattle trails: Goodnight – Loving, Chisholm, and other trails “Myth of the cowboy” – independent, rugged life glamorized and became the subject of many films and TV shows (Western) End of the Long Drive caused by: • Drought and blizzards, 1883-1887 • Barbed Wire invented by Joseph Glidden • Railroad extended into Texas

  24. hw read p. 303 – 307 • answer questions 2 – 4 in complete sentences • Do work in your notebook

  25. From her journal… “Rose about five. Had early breakfast. Got my house work done about nine. Baked 6 loaves of bread. Made a kettle of mush and have now suet pudding and beef boiling…I have managed to put my clothes away and set my house in order. may the merciful be with me through the unexpected scene. Nine o’clock p.m. was delivered of another son.”

  26. Marilla R. Washburn Bailey From an interview with her at age 87 “I was married at 15, and was not a good cook and housekeeper, but I knew how to take care of babies, from having cared for my brothers and sisters. I had ten babies of my own and never had any help…I could paddle my own canoe or handle a rowboat as well as an Indian…When my husband was away, I could hunt for the meat on which we lived, for I could handle a revolver or rifle as well as most men. I have shot bears, deer, and all sorts of smaller game. In fact, I became so expert with a revolver that at 50 or 100 feet I could beat most men.”

  27. Farmers (a.k.a.Homesteaders) *Homestead Act of 1862 *160 acres of land for free *If a settler would: • Live on the land for 5 years and cultivate the land • Improve the land • Build a house (12’x14’), with a window and door Effect of the Homestead Act… By 1900, 400,000 homesteaders had acquired farms Exodusters – African American farmers who moved west in hope of gaining free land

  28. map of plains states

  29. Problems faced by settlers on the plains: Difficult climate: Hot, dry summers; cold, severe winters; sudden, severe storms (hail, tornados) • Few trees • Houses and fences difficult to build – sod for houses and wire for fences • Fuel – burned “buffalo chips” for heating and cooking • Root-filled soil • Few streams for transportation/ irrigation • Getting crops to markets in Eastern cities Many farmers did not succeed in homesteading

  30. Mary Richardson Walker • Missionary wife who moved in the 1830s to a farm near Spokane, Washington Her work day averaged 16 hours. She was responsible for washing, ironing, sewing [she made all the family’s clothes, including shoes], baking, making, soap and cheese, churning butter, dipping candles, weaving carpets, and salting and smoking meats.

  31. New technology helped farmers • Windmill • Steel plow (John Deere) • Barbed wire (Joseph Glidden) • Reaping machine (Cyrus McCormick) • Railroads Of these 5 inventions, which do you think was most important for the farmer? Why?

  32. warm up 10/26 • write 5 questions about the main ideas in Mr. West’s notes from Monday 10/22/12. • turn notebook in

  33. warm up 10/30/12 • See the chart on p. 227. Which of the 3 causes of the War of 1812 do you think most motivated Congress to declare war on GB? Why?

  34. Impact of European-American expansion on native peoples. • Under Pres. Jefferson’s policy, Native Americans could become farmers & join white society or move west of the Mississippi River • Many gave up long-held tribal land and moved west • British tried to rebuild their alliances with Native Americans and use them against the US during the War of 1812 • Tecumseh & his brother “the Prophet” tried unsuccessfully to unite the Indian tribes In the margin, which choice would you have made? Why?

  35. War of 1812 US vs GB In the margin, which effect do you think matters the most? CAUSES • US trade ships got caught in the middle of the conflict between GB and France, hurt US economy • US ships were fired on by the British when US sailors resisted impressment • GB encouraged Native American rebellion along the frontier • US wanted to show that it was strong enough to not be pushed around EFFECTS – gained respect of GB and France - national pride grew - Native American resistance declined In the margin, show the conflict US had with GB on the seas

  36. warm up 10/31/12 • If no borders were changed or land deals made, why is the War of 1812 considered a victory for the US over GB? • If you were gone yesterday, get the notes & warm up from the bucket or your neighbor.

  37. All of the different groups of people adventuring westward and the war of 1812 helped the country grow. • Let’s look at 5 different regions that became part of the United States thanks to westward expansion. • stack your 3 pieces of paper so that there is about 1 inch of each piece showing • fold the papers down so that now there are 6 tabs, fold your paper in half lengthwise • Cut in ½ and share with your neighbor

  38. On the top square, write …“America grew as a nation during the time of westward expansion” write the following on each edge Northwest Territory p. 149 • Oregon Country p. 300 • Mexican Cession p. 310 - 311 • Gadsden Purchase reading • Alaska p. 552

  39. Due Thurs. For each area, you must include the following information: • map for location • date acquired by the US • name of country the land was obtained from • how the US got the land: purchase, treaty following war, treaty Just lift up the flap, use your text to complete the information on the next slide. Add color to earn extra points. For Gadsden purchase, read the card of information, draw map & take notes on the event.

  40. map of area • how & when did we get this land? • What did Polk say he wanted? • what did Polk actually get? • who did we get it from? map of area how did we get this land? when did it start getting settled? Land Ordinance – Northwest Ordinance – p. 149 p. 300 Info for under 4 of the flaps. • map of area • how did we get this land? • name of treaty • when did it start getting settled? • how much did it cost? • What states did it become? • map of area • how & when did we get this land? • how much did it cost? • why did Seward want it? • what ended up being a benefit of adding it to the US? p. 310 - 311 p. 552

  41. warm up 11/1/12 • write the area acquired and the country we got it from • Oregon – • Northwest Territory – • Mexican Cession – • Gadsden Purchase – • Alaska –

  42. Thursday 11/1 work • Finish flip notes from Weds & tape, staple or glue into notebook • HW – complete the matching worksheet & put into notebook

  43. Friday 11/2/12 • Define assimilation • Define manifest destiny

  44. cause and effect wkst – 15 pts • 1 pt each correct answer • 5 pts complete cause, event, result • vocab matching 1 pt each correct answer • 28/2 = 14 pts max possible; round up if it is in the notebook, round down if it is loose • presidents during the early 1800s notes

  45. 11/7/12 warm up quiz for westward expansion – write the answers in your notebook • ______________ Doctrine told European countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere. • Pres. _________ arranged the Louisiana Purchase. • __________ was purchased from Russia • __________ was annexed. • __________ was added after Mexico allowed Americans to settle there. • __________ was added after a treaty with G.B. • ______________ - added to provide a southern railroad route • Spain gave the US ___________ • Mexican Cession occurred after a _________.

  46. answers • 1. monroe doctrine • 2. jefferson • 3. alaska • 4. hawaii • 5. texas • 6. oregon • 7. Gadsen Purchase • 8. Florida • 9. War

  47. England’s Industrial Revolution Affects the United States(put this title on the top square) • Read p. 251, explain Samuel Slater’s role in starting the American Industrial Revolution. How did he get to the US, what did he bring, what did he do when he arrived? • Write this information on the front flap of your note packet under the title

  48. 5 tabs on note packet • Factory system • urbanization • transportation • inventions • summary

  49. Factory system p. 252 - 253 refers to products used to make material which is then used to make clothing, carpet, etc. • Textiles – • Lowell, Mass – • Lowell girls - 40 mills with 10,000 looms center of textile industry all aspects of textile production occurred in 1 factory most of the factory workers were young women came from local farms good money but long hours lived in boardinghouses owned by the factories

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