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Using Art Therapy For Healing: Interviews from the Navajo Reservation. By J. Olivia Drumm Emporia State University. Art Therapy. Heavily influenced by American and European focus on the unconscious 19 th /20 th century
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Using Art Therapy For Healing: Interviews from the Navajo Reservation By J. Olivia Drumm Emporia State University
Art Therapy • Heavily influenced by American and European focus on the unconscious 19th/20th century • Group of psychiatrists in Europe became interested in the spontaneous art created by mentally ill • Emergence of projective testing in clinical psychology • Art appreciated as tool for assessment, incorporated into psychotherapy • Examples of Projective assessments: Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD), Scribble Technique • Psychodynamic, Humanistic, Psycho-educational, Systemic, Integrative
Client • Axis I: 296.53 Bipolar I Disorder, Most recent episode Depressed, Severe without psychotic features • Axis II: 301.83 Borderline Personality Disorder • Axis III: diabetic, congestive heart failure, high B.P., rotting shoulders, enlarged heart, sleep apnea, high cholesterol, diverticulosis, anemia, ulcers • Axis IV: extreme poverty, inadequate finances, insufficient welfare support • Axis V: Some impairment in reality testing or communication DOB: 11/24/1951 Female Widow Caucasian First ECT in 1986 Has experienced 60 to 70+ ECT treatments
Hypothesis Art therapy is an appealing and culturally appropriate form of therapy for populations with beliefs in traditional healing
Chinle Comprehensive Health Care Behavioral Health Department
Staff Interviewed • IHS Native Medicine Traditional Practitioners • Psychiatrists • Psychologists • Social Workers (Medical, Supervisor) • Mental Health Counselors • Substance Abuse Counselors • Student Intern • School Counselors
Interviews Questions • What is your definition of culture, ethnicity? • What is your cultural/ethnic background? • What brought you to this place you are working? • What sparked your interest in the field of mental health/healing profession? • What is your understanding of the roles of the other members of the Behavioral Health Staff? • What are your thoughts on using art therapy with the population you currently serve? • What are your thoughts on having an art therapist on staff?
Art Therapy On the Navajo Reservation • Indian Health Services (IHS) • Chinle Comprehensive Health Services • IHS does not have a position available for an art therapist or any of the creative arts/expressive arts • Staff using art therapy with patients, but no art therapist on staff, or staff formally trained in art therapy • Department of Behavioral Health Services • Navajo Regional Behavioral Health Center • Advertises art therapy as part of residential services available but does not have a position available for an art therapist