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Processing Data

Processing Data. OFF. ON. How does a computer represent data?. Electronic signals or impulses Two types of signals Analog - Continuous waveform; Examples- talking and computerized gas pumps.

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Processing Data

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  1. Processing Data

  2. OFF ON How does a computer represent data? • Electronic signals or impulses • Two types of signals • Analog- Continuous waveform; Examples- talking and computerized gas pumps. • Digital- On/off electrical states (bit); Examples- light switches and transistors; Most computers use digital signals. Digital Analog ON OFF

  3. 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 What are bits and bytes of data? • Bit (Binary digit)- On or off state of electric current; Basic unit of information; Represented by 1’s and 0’s (binary numbers). • Byte- Eight bits grouped together to represent a character (Alphabetical letters, numbers and punctuation symbols); 256 different combinations. OFF ON OR = 1 bit 0 1 = 1 Byte OR = 1 Byte

  4. 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 What are character codes? • Numerical data, that computers use, translated into characters readable by humans. • American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)- Eight bits; Used by minicomputers and personal computers • Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC)- Eight bits; Used by mainframe computers • Unicode- Uses 16 bits; over 65,000 combinations = 4 = A

  5. What are kilobits, megabits and gigabits? • Terms that describe units of data • Used for measuring datatransferrate (bits per second). Example- 56kbps Modem 1000 bits = 1 kilobit (kb) 1,000,000bits = 1 megabit (mb) 1,000,000,000 bits = 1 gigabit (gb)

  6. What are Kilobytes, Megabytes, Gigabytes and Terabytes? • Terms that describe units of data • Used to measure data storage. Example- 20 GB hard drive 8 bits = 1Byte 1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB) 1,048,576 Bytes = 1 Megabyte (MB) 1,043,741,824 Bytes = 1 Gigabyte (GB) 1,099,511,627,776 Bytes = 1 Terabyte (TB)

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