1 / 22

Average Distribution of Incoming Solar Radiation

Average Distribution of Incoming Solar Radiation. Albedo. Atmospheric Heating. Radiation from Earth’s surface Earth reradiates radiation (terrestrial radiation) at the longer wavelengths Longer wavelength terrestrial radiation is absorbed by Carbon dioxide Water vapor.

billyhopkins
Download Presentation

Average Distribution of Incoming Solar Radiation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Average Distribution of Incoming Solar Radiation

  2. Albedo

  3. Atmospheric Heating • Radiation from Earth’s surface • Earth reradiates radiation (terrestrial radiation) at the longer wavelengths • Longer wavelength terrestrial radiation is absorbed by • Carbon dioxide • Water vapor

  4. Atmospheric Heating • Heating of the atmosphere is termed the greenhouse effect

  5. Greenhouse Effect

  6. Temperature Measurement • Daily maximum and minimum • Other measurements • Daily mean temperature • Daily range • Monthly mean • Annual mean • Annual temperature range

  7. Temperature Measurement • Isotherms • Lines connecting points of equal temperatures on a map • Used to show distribution of air tempertures • Temperature gradient – amount of temperature change per unit of distance

  8. Isotherms

  9. Controls of Temperature • Land and water • Land heats more rapidly and to higher temperatures than water • Water has high specific heat – amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius

  10. Differential Heating of Land and Water

  11. Mean Monthly Temperatures for Two Locations in Canada

  12. Controls of Temperature • Altitude –higher altitudes have lower temperatures

  13. Controls of Temperature • Geographic position • Windward coast • Leeward coast

  14. Controls of Temperature • Cloud cover and albedo • Clouds have high albedo • Clouds cool air during the day, keep heat in at night

  15. Temperature Measurement • Human perception of temperature • Anything that influences the rate of heat loss from the body also influences the sensation of temperature • Important factors are • Air temperature • Relative humidity • Wind speed • Sunshine

  16. Controls of Temperature • Temperature variations • Receipt of solar radiation is the most important control

  17. World Distribution of Temperature • Temperature maps • Isotherm – a line connecting places of equal temperature • Temperatures are adjusted to sea level • January and July are used for analysis because they represent the temperature extremes

  18. World Distribution of Temperature • Global temperature patterns • Temperature decreases poleward from the tropics • Isotherms exhibit a latitudinal shift with the seasons • Warmest and coldest temperatures occur over land

  19. World Distribution of Temperature • Global temperature patterns • In the Southern Hemisphere • Isotherms are straighter • Isotherms are more stable • Isotherms show ocean currents • Annual temperature range • Small near equator • Increases with an increase in latitude • Greatest over continental locations

  20. World Mean Sea-Level Temperatures in January

  21. World Mean Sea-Level Temperatures in July

More Related