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Stem Changing verbs

Learn about stem-changing verbs in Spanish, including types, where the changes occur, and the process of conjugation. Practice conjugating verbs and translating sentences for better understanding.

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Stem Changing verbs

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  1. Stem Changing verbs

  2. Main Concept • Each verb can be broken into two main parts. • The stem (everything but the ar, er, or ir.) • The suffix (the ar, er, or ir.) • Here are some examples.

  3. The Types • There are four types of stem changing verbs. • e to ie stem changers. • o to ue stem changers. • u to ue stem changers. • e to i stem changers. • Ar, Er, and Ir can be any of the first three. • Only Ir verbs can be e to i stem changers. • NO VERBS STEM CHANGES IN THE NOSOTROS AND VOSOTROS FORMS.

  4. Where the Change Takes Place • The change takes place in the penultimate syllable of the infinitive. • So if my verb is Repetir • I break it into syllables • Re/pe/tir • The penultimate syllable is pe. (re/pe/tir) • This is the syllable that will be changed.

  5. The Change • There is no good way of knowing which verbs stem change other than to memorize them. • If the vowel in the penultimate syllable is an • e we change it to ie most often. • e we change it to i in some verbs. • o we change it to ue. • u we change it to ue.

  6. Process • This is really hard so watch carefully! • As long as the subject is not Nosotros or Vosotros, I take the penultimate syllable, • Change the letter appropriately, • Add the appropriate ending. • ¡Fácil, no! Querer Quierer Yo Quiero

  7. Time for some scratch paper. • The following are e to ie stem changers. Conjugate them for the person indicated. • (Yo) Pensar • (Tú) Sentir • (Ellos) Cerrar • (Marisol) Empezar • (Ud.) Comenzar • (Paco y Beatriz) Querer • Now check your answer. • Pienso • Sientes • Cierran • Empieza • Comienza • Quieren

  8. Some More Practice • The following verbs are o to ue stem changers. Watch out for the nosotros form.

  9. These are e to i stem changers.

  10. Some Translation • Translate the following sentences. • I always eat lunch with my friends. • Siempre almuerzo con mis amigos. • They want to go to the movies. • Ellos quieren ir al cine. • We prefer to swim. • Preferimos nadar. • He asks for 10 dollars from his father. • Él pide diez dólares de su padre. • You (fam) always smile. • Tú siempre sonríes.

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