LBA-ECO 2008-?

2. LBA-ECO 2008-? • LBA-ECO Project Scientist- Eric Davidson • Two new 3 yr projects- Michael Keller; Michael Palace • Data archiving activities will continue through ??? • BARCA flights in November 2008 • Synthesis activities of Phase 3 • IGBP LBA book • LBA-MIP (Model Intercomparison Project) • IV LBA Conference website and travel support • Possibility of an LBA-ECO Science Team Meeting in 2009

3. 2008 Opportunities • NASA Research Announcements in ROSES • http://nspires.nasaprs.com • 2008 placeholder text for Carbon Cycle research will be replaced soon • “there may be opportunities”- but no promises • Proposals from US and South American Scientists to conduct research that leverages the investment that NASA has made in LBA • Field work that could be authorized through a CNPq expedition license

4. cce.nasa.gov/meeting_2008 2008 • OCO- Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2010-2012 • LDCM- Landsat Data Continuity Mission • NPP- NPOES Preparatory Project • SMAP- Soil Moisture Active/Passive 2013-2016 • DESDynI- Lidar/Radar Vegetation Structure • ASCENDS- Carbon Dioxide and Monoxide sources/sinks • ACE- Aerosols, Clouds, Ecosystems • HYSPIRI- Hyperspectral Imager

5. Measuring XCO2 With OCO Column Abundance Path Dependent Ratio OCO Collects Science Data in 2 Modes Nadir: Highest spatial resolution Glint: 10 to 100x SNR increase over oceans XCO2 XCO2 is the normalized CO2 mixing ratio in a column of air. Focuses on CO2 concentration variability rather than topographic variability (number of molecules) Accuracy: 1 ppm (0.3%) • OCO flies at the head of the A-Train • 705 km altitude sun synchronous, 98.2 inclination, 98.8 minute period • Global coverage with a 16-day (233 orbit) ground track repeat cycle

6. L2 XCO2 Preparing for OCO Data Products Validation L1 L3 Retrieval Algorithm XCO2 Maps Source/Sink Inversion Model Spectra Calibration IOC+6 Months (August 2009) L4 IOC+9 Months (November 2009) Sources/Sinks • The OCO team is focusing on: • Retrieving XCO2 from OCO spectra • Validating XCO2 retrievals from OCO • Deriving CO2 sources and sinks from OCO XCO2 data As Available

7. cce.nasa.gov

8. NASA Carbon Cycle & Ecosystems Office • www.lbaeco.org • www.lbaconferencia.org • cce.nasa.gov • cce.nasa.gov/meeting_2008 • www.nacarbon.org

9. Making Precise XCO2 Measurements from Space • High resolution spectra of reflected sunlight in near IR CO2 and O2 bands used to retrieve the column average CO2 dry air mole fraction, XCO2 • 1.61 m CO2 band: Column CO2 • 2.06 m CO2 band: Column CO2, Aerosols • 0.76 m O2 A-band: Surface pressure, clouds, aerosols • Why high spectral resolution? • Enhances sensitivity, minimizes biases O2 A-band CO2 2.06 m CO2 1.61m Column CO2 Clouds/Aerosols, H2O, Temperature Clouds/Aerosols, Surface Pressure

10. OCO Dense, Global Sampling Will Lead to Improved Estimates of Carbon Sources and Sinks OCO Sampling 1-Day Fractional Flux Error Reduction Using OCO Data After 8 Days OCO Sampling 3-Days After 30 Days Red points show ‘mostly clear’ scenes (AOD < 0.2) where accurate XCO2 retrievals are possible Chevallier et al. 2006