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Constraining Primary Production in a pCO 2 Manipulation Mesocosm Experiment

Constraining Primary Production in a pCO 2 Manipulation Mesocosm Experiment. Andrew Charles Baird University of Washington Friday Harbor Laboratories . • Why look at the effects of pCO 2 ? - Ocean Acidification - Carbonate Chemistry. •The Mesocosm Approach.

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Constraining Primary Production in a pCO 2 Manipulation Mesocosm Experiment

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  1. Constraining Primary Production in a pCO2Manipulation Mesocosm Experiment Andrew Charles Baird University of Washington Friday Harbor Laboratories

  2. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? - Ocean Acidification -Carbonate Chemistry •The Mesocosm Approach •Net Community Production •Redfield Ratio •Results!

  3. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? - Ocean Acidification -Carbonate Chemistry •The Mesocosm Approach -Experimental Design •Net Community Production •Redfield Ratio •Results!

  4. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? - Ocean Acidification -Carbonate Chemistry •The Mesocosm Approach -Experimental Design •Net Community Production -What is it? -How is it measured? •Redfield Ratio •Results!

  5. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? - Ocean Acidification -Carbonate Chemistry 7 6 N 15 P C + + •The Mesocosm Approach -Experimental Design = •Net Community Production -What is it? -How is it measured? O 8 LIFE! + •Redfield Ratio -Nutrient Relationships -Stoichiometry •Results!

  6. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? - Ocean Acidification -Carbonate Chemistry •The Mesocosm Approach -Experimental Design •Net Community Production -What is it? -How is it measured? •Redfield Ratio -Nutrient Relationships -Stoichiometry •Results! -the exciting bit

  7. CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- H+ + CO32-

  8. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? •The Mesocosm Approach -Experimental Design •Net Community Production •Redfield Ratio •Results!

  9. The Mesocosm Approach Control High Drift 650ppm (Constant) 1200ppm (Constant) 1200ppm (Variable) •Constrain an extremely variable system: -Replication possible -Manipulate conditions -Trophic level interactions • International Scientific collaboration! x3 x3 x3

  10. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? •The Mesocosm Approach •Net Community Production -What is it? -How is it measured? •Redfield Ratio •Results!

  11. What is Primary Production? O2 $150

  12. What is Primary Production? O2 $150 Gross Community Production (GCP)

  13. What is Primary Production? $150 Gross Community Production (GCP) $50

  14. What is Primary Production? $100 $150 Gross Community Production (GCP) $50 Community Respiration (CR)

  15. $100 What is Primary Production? Net Community Production (NCP) $150 Gross Community Production (GCP) $50 Community Respiration (CR)

  16. How is NCP measured? • Radioactive tracers: 14C, 18O • In situ differences in O2/CO2utilization • Nutrient Relationships

  17. How is NCP measured? • Radioactive tracers: 14C, 18O • In situ differences in O2/CO2utilization • Nutrient Relationships Daily Oxygen Measurements

  18. •Why look at the effects of pCO2? 7 6 N 15 P C + + •The Mesocosm Approach = •Net Community Production O 8 LIFE! + •Redfield Ratio -Nutrient Relationships -Stoichiometry •Results!

  19. The Redfield Ratio * 1 16 106 138 P 16 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2 106 * 138 Generalized Organic Matter *From Redfield, Ketchum& Richards 1934

  20. The Redfield Ratio * 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2 * Generalized Organic Matter Production Respiration *From Redfield, Ketchum& Richards 1934

  21. The Redfield Ratio * 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2 * Generalized Organic Matter *From Redfield, Ketchum& Richards 1934

  22. The Redfield Ratio * 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2 * Generalized Organic Matter 10 µmol NO3- µmol O2 = L L *From Redfield, Ketchum& Richards 1934

  23. The Redfield Ratio * 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2 * Generalized Organic Matter 10 µmol NO3- 138µmol O2 µmol O2 86 x = L L 16µmol N *From Redfield, Ketchum& Richards 1934

  24. RESULTS

  25. Oxygen Concentration [µmolL-1] – Medians Statistical difference is significant only between Control and High (p=0.004, F2,21 =-0.508)

  26. Oxygen Concentration [µmolL-1] – Medians Phase 1 Phase 2 Statistical difference is significant only between Control and High (p=0.004, F2,21 =-0.508)

  27. Observed Net Community Production Between Phase 1 & Phase 2 •High significant difference found between Phase1 and Phase2 (t=-6.472, p<0.001) •No significant difference found between treatment groups in Phase1 or Phase2 (p>0.05)

  28. Phase 1 Phase 2 Net autotrophy • Net heterotrophy

  29. Phase 1 Phase 2 Net autotrophy Phytoplankton/Producers most prevalent in food web Distinct increase in [O2] • Net heterotrophy • Grazers/Respirators dominating community • Should see decrease in [O2]

  30. Phase 1 Phase 2 Net autotrophy Phytoplankton/Producers most prevalent in food web Distinct increase in [O2] • Net heterotrophy • Grazers/Respirators dominating community • Should see decrease in [O2]

  31. NO3 Trend - Phase 1 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2

  32. NO3 Trend - Phase 1 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2

  33. NO3 Trend - Phase 1 M9

  34. Uptake Rate – Phase 1 0.48 µmol NO3- 138 µmol O2 µmol O2 4.14 x = M9 L day 16 µmol N L day

  35. Uptake Rate – Phase 1 0.48 µmol NO3- 138 µmol O2 µmol O2 4.14 x = M9 L day 16 µmol N L day

  36. High significance found between Phase 1 & Phase 2 “calculated d[O2]” (p<0.001)

  37. Gross Community Production Net Community Production High significance found between Phase 1 & Phase 2 “calculated d[O2]” (p<0.001)

  38. Community Respiration Between Phase 1 & Phase 2 Statistical significance found between Phase 1 and Phase 2. (t= -4.671, p=0.002)

  39. How did our microplankton communities effect nutrient interaction?

  40. Nitrate (NO3-) vs Oxygen (O2) – Phase 2 138 µmol O2 -8.6 µmol O2 = -16 µmol N µmol N

  41. Nitrate (NO3-) vs Oxygen (O2) – Phase 2 y= -8.63x

  42. Nitrate (NO3-) vs Oxygen (O2) – Phase 2 y= -8.63x

  43. Nitrate (NO3-) vs Oxygen (O2) – Phase 2 y= -8.63x

  44. Nitrate (NO3-) vs Oxygen (O2) – Phase 2 y= -8.63x •High Significant Correlation between NO3 & O2 (p<0.001)

  45. Conclusion! •Ocean Acidification -Growing Issue •NCP, GCP, CR •Phase 1 vs Phase 2 •Mesocosm vs Redfield

  46. Conclusion! •Ocean Acidification -Growing Issue •NCP, GCP, CR -Nutrient Balance and Redfield •Phase 1 vs Phase 2 •Mesocosm vs Redfield O2 106CO2 + 16H+ + 16NO3-+ H3PO4+ 122H2O (CH2O)106 (NH3)16 (H3PO4) + 138O2

  47. Conclusion! •Ocean Acidification -Growing Issue •NCP, GCP, CR -Nutrient Balance and Redfield •Phase 1 vs Phase 2 -light limitation more of an effect than CO2? •Mesocosm vs Redfield Production Rates mesocosm

  48. Conclusion! •Ocean Acidification -Growing Issue •NCP, GCP, CR -Nutrient Balance and Redfield •Phase 1 vs Phase 2 -light limitation more of an effect than CO2? •Mesocosm vsRedfield -Decreased O2:N -Oxygen stoichiometry? -Increased Carbon Demand?

  49. Thank You! • PhilslipsGravinese • KielyShutt • Kelly Govenar • Jen Apple • Kitae Park • Amy Stevens • NatsukoPorcino • DaneilNewcomb • Herbs Tavern • Jim Murray • Evelyn Lessard • JorunEgge • Mike Foy • Barbara Paul • Amanda Fay • Molly Roberts • Kelsey Gaessner • My Mom

  50. Questions?

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