2004 AP Psych Test

1. 2004 AP Psych Test Don’t go to the next slide until students have answered the question.

2. 1. the answer is B. Sensory adaptation explains why we can’t feel our underwear most of the time.

3. 2. A. experimental – in a lab • B. cognitive – how we think • C. developmental – how we develop • D. social – how we interact with other people • E. clinical – in a clinic or hospital

4. 3. The answer is A. It helps people diagnose and classify disorders.

5. DSM-IV-TRThe five axes of the DSM-IV-TR. • Axis I Clinical syndromes. (All mental disorders & criteria for rating them except personality disorders/mental retardation, also abuse/neglect) • Axis II Personality disorders, Mental retardation. (Life long deeply ingrained, inflexible & maladaptive) • Axis III General medical condition. (Any medical condition that could effect the patients mental state.) • Axis IV Psychosocial & environmental problems. (Stressful events that have occurred within the previous year) • Axis V global assessment functioning. (How well the patient performed during the previous year)

6. 4. The answer is E. Post = after traumatic = traumatic. PTSD is common with war veterans but it also happens with other horrific events.

7. MAJOR categories of Mental Disorders • Anxiety disorders • Mood disorders • Somatoform disorders • Dissociative disorders • Personality disorders • Schizophrenia & other psychotic disorders

8. 5. The answer is D. Humanists emphasize free will, self actualization, finding yourself, choosing your own path. Humanists – hippies.

9. Major SCHOOLS of psy… • Psychoanalytical (dynamic) INSIGHT • Behavioral (Conditioning) • Humanistic • Cognitive • Social • Biological

10. 6. Remember the moon walking bear??? • The answer is A. selective attention (similar to the cocktail party effect).

11. 7. A. stimulus discrimination is when you know the difference. • B. second order conditioning is when you train a dog to drool to a bell, then the dog associates light with the bell then drools to • C. Just like Little Albert, you generalize your association to similar things.

12. 8. A. Longitudinal studies take a long long long time (like decades). They measure how things change over time. • B. ???? • C. cross sectional studies study different sections of the population (different ages, class levels, race). • D. Case studies study something in depth • E. Observational – observe and take notes

13. The 3 – A’s of MOTIVATIONAchievementAffiliationAggression • 9. The answer is C. People who do things for the love of it are intrinsically motivated. • Intrinsic – inside your SELF (personal fulfillment) • Extrinsic – outside your SELF (to impress or please others, or for GAIN)

14. 10. The answer is D. (seeing a camouflaged bug)

15. Stimuli Discrimination • 11. E. A dog drooling to a bell but not a gong.

16. Stimuli Generalization • 12. C (racial) • This tiger apparently doesn’t discriminate!

17. 13. D When deciding if a behavior is abnormal, one’s ACTUAL gender is not a consideration. That is – everyone is born with certain genitalia, but if society rigidly (morally) defines gender ROLES, then THAT can lead to psychological anxiety in those who do not fit those roles,

18. 14. Read this one a couple of times. If twins are reared apart then their environment is different. Since IQ scores have a lower correlation when reared apart, then environment is important. The answer is B.

19. 15. A. standardization means it was given the same way to different people and the answers form a bell curve. • B. ?? • C. ?? • D. validity means tests what it is supposed to. • E. reliability means the results are the same again and again.

20. 16. The answer is A. Electricity will travel to both sides of the brain but always originate on one side. So they cut it.

21. A: egocentrism is one stage of Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, egocentrism is an inability on the part of a child in the preoperational stage of development to any point of view other than their own. • B: Social context: Bandura asked “do people act differently according to the social situation and why? • The answer is C. maturation. Biologically, she is growing up. • D. Mary Ainsworth developed 3 types of attachment: Secure, Ambivalent, Anxious/avoidant. • E. Assimilation has to do with schemas, grammar, categorization.

22. 18. A. Cognitive = thinking. The psychologist is trying to change Wade’s behavior, not his thinking. • B. Biological – give Wade medicine or surgery • C. Psychodynamic – probe Wade’s unconscious mind through dream analysis or transference • D. Humanistic – help Wade remove barriers to self actualization or find himself • E. Behavioral therapy involves reinforcements and punishments to change a behavior.

23. 19. a. RET therapy is a technique that challenges a person’s irrational thoughts, so it’s very confrontational! • C. aversive conditioning- might involve shocking one’s testicles every time something is done or thought (classical cond.) • D. person-centered usually means the client does most of the talking. • E. systematic desensitation involves gradually exposing someone to their source of fear or anxiety.

24. 20. Think optical – occipital • So rule out C, D, and E since they don’t have it. • Hearing goes to the temporal lobe (think ears are near the temple) TEMPO • The answer is B.

25. 21. The answer is c.

26. 22. Pick the answer that is closest to 24 hours. • Circa means about dian means day • Circadian rhythms are your day/night cycles. • The answer is A.

27. 23. The answer is B. 10

28. 24. a. behavior – behavioral therapy • B. reach full potential – self actualization – humanistic therapy • C. alter thought processes – cognitive therapy • D. the answer • E. get rid of irrational thoughts – cognitive (RET)

29. 25. The answer is D. If the mean is 70, and the standard deviation is 10, How many test takers scored above 60? 60 is 1 standard deviation below the mean. • If you are going to guess, will your answer be more or less than 50? 70 60

30. 26. Salt and bananas! • The answer is B.

31. 27. What is another word for “relationship”? • A. correlation • B. central tendency relates to the way in which quantitative data tend to cluster around some value: mean, median, mode • C. a histogram is a graphical representation showing a visual impression of the distribution of data. • D. standard deviation is a measure of how spread out numbers are. • E. The t-test assesses whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other.

32. A. The amygdala is mainly in charge of Fight or Flight • B. Hippocampus – Hippies started on college campus. You go to college to remember. The answer is B. • C. Pituitary is growth, etc (Endocrine Sys) • D. Hypothalamus is mainly in charge of body homeostasis: hunger, sex, temperature, etc. • E. Thalamus is the relay station.

33. 29. B semicircular canals

34. 30. A. cocaine is a stimulant • B. marijuana is a hallucinogen • C. dopamine is a neurotransmitter • D. alcohol is the answer • E. nicotine is not a depressant

35. 31. E. Only an experiment can establish cause and effect.

36. 32. C

37. 33. COGNITIVE (to make associations).If it had been a behavioral interpretation what would be the closest right answer? A. a “reflex to the bell” what does that mean? The word should have Conditioned RESPONSE to be accurate. B. huh?? C. C is the best answer Again these are BEHAVIORAL terms E. Monkeys are NOT primates – they are NOT intelligent. Even the lower primates KNOW nothing about scientific experiments

38. 34.The Stanford-Binet test is the actual name for what we call the IQ test. The answer is A.

39. 35. A. and E. Rewards are better for extrinsically motivated musicians B. If the musician is achievement motivated, then the piece can’t be too hard. After all, they still want to achieve. C. If achievement is important, then easy pieces aren’t likely D. Practice is fun for the intrinsically motivated. The difficulty can’t be too hard for the achievement motivated. High/intrinsic achievers choose the task that challenges them but is not prone to failure.

40. 36. diffusion means spread. The answer is C.

41. Other social psychology terms used in question 36 • Prejudice is different from stereotyping and discrimination. It is a baseless and usually negative attitude toward members of a group. • Stereotyping: to classify others into specific categories without much room for individualism or variation. • Discrimination in BEHAVIORALpsyc is merely the ability to perceive the difference b/w 2 things • Discrimination in SOCIALpsyc is the behavior…

42. 37. The answer is A. Confirmation bias is when we only notice things that confirm our already held beliefs.

43. Other terms in ? 37 • Availability Heuristic: refers to how easily something that you've seen or heard can be accessed in your memory. • A Representative Heuristic is a cognitive bias in which an individual categorizes a situation based on a pattern of previous experiences or beliefs • The term metacognition refers to the act of thinking about thinking, or the cognition of cognition. People in Piaget’s FORMAL OPERATIONAL stage do this • Mnemonic devices help you remember: acrostic, etc

44. 38. A schema is a set of expectations, a mental construct, that we have about something. 30 people were asked about this office picture below. Click for results of survey. 29 out of 30 recalled Chair, desk, and walls Only 8 subjects recalled it had a skull 9 subjects recalled it had books which it did not Memory for location is influenced by the person’s schema for that location.

45. 39. The answer is C. If you catch a virus, then eat at a Mexican food restaurant, throw up, then you will NOT want to eat at that restaurant, even if you know that’s not where you got the virus. That’s the Garcia effect. Not Jerry or Cheery, although you could have a Garcia effect to Cheery Garcia. • The answer is C. The actual Term for the Garcia Effect is Taste Aversion

46. 40. C C C C Cones C C C CC Color Rods – black and white light. The answer is A.

47. 41. Which answer deals with excitability and personality? The answer is D: TEMPERAMENT. Imprinting is the social psy term for baby animals attaching to…. Usually attributed to Konrad Lorenz. Accommodation is having to create a NEW category (opposite or Assimilation)

48. 42. Her behavior is an example of what? Classical conditioning deals with reflex-like responses. Like a dog drooling to a bell. She’s not recovering anything No. that’s like Little Albert fearing all white furry things ?? Observational learning (like the Bobo doll experiment)

49. 43. E.

50. TAT TEST (APPERCEPTION). Conscious perception with full awareness. The process of understanding by which newly observed qualities of an object are related to past experience. 44. The answer is B. A client will “project” their personality onto the therapist.