NUSTAR Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, Reactions

1. NUSTARNuclear Structure, Astrophysics, Reactions НАУЧНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ СЕМИНАР, СОВМЕ-ЩЕННЫЙ С ОФИЦИАЛЬНЫМ АКТОМ ОТКРЫТИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬ-СКОГО ЦЕНТРА FAIR- РОСАТОМ. 18-19 июня 2008 Л.В. Чулков РНЦ «Курчатовский Институт» NUSTAR is the biggest collaboration in FAIR The collaboration unites 450 scientists from 98 institutions of 27 countries. NUSTAR is a continuation of the research program currently running at GSI where Russian institutes are actively participating.

2. Some Burning Issues Super heavies Nuclei with Extreme Spin The Proton Dripline The Nuclear Mass Surface Proton-neuron Pairing Particle Radioactivity r - process Path rp - process Path The Neutron Dripline Shell structure. New magic numbers Nuclei with Extreme Isospin Unusual Type of Clasterization Halos- Continuum Structure

3. Interplay between nuclear structure and reaction mechanism Compound nucleus Direct reactions Elastic scattering Inelastic scattering\ Transfer reactions Charge exchange Deep inelastic Electromagnetic dissociation Cross section Quasi-free scattering Fusion Cluster or nucleon knockout -1n -2n -0n 1000 Bf 10 100 Energy per nucleon, MeV

4. More than 15 years of collaboration with Russian institutesExisting facilities for studies with exotic nuclei. Large-area high-efficiency neutron detector LAND Main features of the existing FRS/LAND setup will be preserved in the future R3B setup. Large dipole spectrometer ALADIN γ-spectrometerCrystal Ball

5. FAIR - Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research Future facility FAIR GSI today 100 m SIS 100/300 UNILAC SIS 18 ESR Super FRS HESR RESR CR NUSTAR NESR

6. The NUSTAR facility HiSpec :gamma spec DeSpec :decay spec LASPEC: laser spec MATS: Penning traps Exotic (radioactive) beams formed by fragmentation, selected by separator. R3B: reactions Super FRS Stored beam (rings): EXL : hadron scattering ELISe : electron scattering AIC : antiproton scattering ILIMA – mass measurements

7. Comparison of FRS and Super-FRS BINP, Novosibirsk Pre- and Main separator  high purity Superconducting - 20 Tm Large acceptance even for fission products: Dp/p = ± 2.5%, DFx= ± 40 mrad, DFy= ± 20 mrad H. Geissel et al. NIM B 204 (2003) 71

8. Superconducting dipole spectrometer. R3B Existing dipole spectrometer ALADIN New large-acceptance superconducting spectrometer Under construction.

9. Efficiency 1 Resolution:sTof ~ 250 pssp ~ 5 - 10 MeV/csIVM ~ 0.2 - 1. MeV LArge Neutron Detector LANDNeuLAND in FAIR PNPI – neutron detectors for R3B and EXL projects NeuLAND based on RPC Neutron Energy (MeV) Nucl. Instr. Meth. A314 (1992) 136

10. CsI Calorimeter R3B New calorimeter based on CsI crystals 5000 crystals 12-20 cm Existing γ-spectrometer JINR & RRC Kurchatov Institute

11. Experiments at the NESR storage ring EXL Completely new setup. Shells from Si- detectors, surrounded by γ-spectrometer based on CsI crystals. Silicon detectors – PTI CsI γ-spectrometer –JINR & RRC Kurchatov Institute

12. Physics goals • Charge distribution of exotic nuclei (radius, diffuseness, higher moments...) • req. luminosity: > 1024 cm-2 s-1 • Selective electromagnetic excitationplus spectroscopy, fission, ... studies.Full identification of electric & magnetic multipolarities and of the final state • ( new collective soft modes) • req. luminosity: about 1028 cm-2 s-1 • Quasi-free scattering (single-particle structure) • req. luminosity: about 1029 cm-2 s-1 • Pointlike particle • Pure electromagnetic probe •  formfactors F(q) •  elastic scattering • F(q) transition formfactors •  high selectivity to certain • multipolarities •  inelastic scattering • Large recoil velocities •  full identification (Z,A) • complete kinematics • Bare ions (no atomic bg.) Electron-Ion scattering in a Storage Ring (eA Collider) ELISe • 125-500 MeV electrons • 200-740 MeV/u RIBs • achievable luminosity: • 1025-1030 cm-2s-1 depending on ion species • spectrometer setup at the • interaction zone • detection system for RI in • the arcs of the NESR (see EXL)

13. Ion beam Electron beam 100 cm Vertical drift chambers Electron spectrometer. ELISe. BINP – electron spectrometer INR RAS & RRC Kurchatov Institute - detectors

14. Summary and Outlook • The NUSTAR Facility with the Super-FRS covers a wide range of topics concerning the investigation of exotic nuclei in the areas of: Nuclear Structure, Nuclear Astrophysics, Nuclear Reactions • NUSTAR will address fundamental questions concerning: • the Structure und Dynamics of atomic nucleus as many-body system • the Nature of the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction relevant components, isospin dependence, correlations, EQS of nuclear matter • Nuclear Astrophysics and the Origin of the Elements • The Super-FRS is part of the first stage of FAIR construction • There will be a continuous transition from the current FRS program were Russian scientists already actively participating to the future activities at FAIR opening new exciting perspectives