When IT fails?

1. When IT fails? During IT Production Operations During IT Dev Projects Senior Managers CANCEL IT production services becauseof stakeholders’ satisfactions of: Escalating Service costs Poor service quality eg reliability, time to deliver Safety / Security Concerns Business case no longer prevails Project Sponsors or Senior Managers CANCEL IT development projects because: Budget / Time Overrun Poor Quality Safety / Security Concerns Business Case no longer prevails

2. Key Causes of IT Project failures • Lack of Strategic Alignment between Business & IT (CORRESPONDENCE FAILURE) • No or weak upfront business case with no clear program logicand related KPI measures justifying the project • Business case may exist but business conditions have changed, invalidating business case while project is underway • Project scope creep (PROCESS FAILURE) – development scope of requirements increased beyond what was originally planned  requiring more $, resources & time  blowing out planned budget, resource availability and deadlines • Poor communications among stakeholders (INTERACTION FAILURE)  what is planned does not deliver what is expected due to misinterpretations and/or no communications Why Projects fail ** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4a4ZxOAQifE

3. 3 Models for Identifying IT Failures Factor Based Models Identifying a checklist of conditions that cause IT project & production failures Stakeholder Analysis Models Identifying power brokers that cause IT project & production failures 3D Sphere Models Identifying organisational drivers that cause IT project & production failures • These condition based or risk factors can be classified by: • Cultural, managerial & technical categories (Feghali & Zbib, 2007) • Leadership, communications, skills and resources, budget and project management categories (Oz & Sosik, 2000) • Project management, top management, technology, organisational, complexity size and process categories (Al-Ahmad, 2009) • etc Power plays between stakeholders can, especially during decision making, can also result in IT cancellations • Dimensional modelling of organisational Risk factors that can contribute to IT failures – classified by • 4 Managerial Risk Factors • 7 Cultural Risk Factor • 18 Technical Risk factors

4. IT Failures – Risk Management Practice Models Risks – Causes of IT Failures  Issues – Problems when risks eventuate  IT Project or Production Cancellation = Failure

5. Literature Comparison of Software Project Risks (Tesch, Kloppenborg & Frolick, 2007)

6. Top 10 Risks in IT System Replacement Projects (Komperud, 2012)

7. Organising Risks via PMBOK – Process Groups Factored Risks Mgt in these Areas (details see http://www.softexpert.com/regulation-pmbok.php) Covers other Risks

8. NOW we are intoCollaborative Projects Across Multiple Sites • Project risks and issues are high • Project Management is Complex • Requires : • Common project language across sites • Shareable project information across sites • Coordinated workflow management across sites • More complex project risks management • new international external risks – political, economic, social, technology and environmental differences • cross cultural communication and management factors • Communication Strategies in Collaborative projects (2.26m) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f60dheI4ARg

9. Case study – application of stakeholder analysis Evaluation their Coalition Identify stakeholders What do they want in the IT projects?  Map out interests