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Entropy changes in irreversible Processes

Entropy changes in irreversible Processes. To obtain the change in entropy in an irreversible process we have to calculate D S along a reversible path between the initial state and the final state. Freezing of water below its freezing point. Irrev. H 2 O( l , -10 ° C). H 2 O( s , -10 ° C).

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Entropy changes in irreversible Processes

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  1. Entropy changes in irreversible Processes To obtain the change in entropy in an irreversible process we have to calculate DS along a reversible path between the initial state and the final state. Freezing of water below its freezing point Irrev H2O( l , -10 °C) H2O( s , -10 °C) H2O( s , 0 °C) H2O( l , 0°C)

  2. Absolute entropy of a substance Third law of thermodynamics: The entropy of each pure element or substance in a perfectly crystalline form is zero at absolute zero.

  3. Spontaneous process

  4. Helmholtz free energy

  5. Gibb’s Free Energy

  6. Combining the First and Second law

  7. The Thermodynamic Square H S P U G T V A

  8. H S P U G T V A

  9. The variation of Gibb’s energy with temperature.

  10. Variation of the Gibb’s energy with pressure

  11. Conditions for equilibrium between Phases  

  12. Various Equilibrium conditions

  14. Phase changes of pure component

  15. Temperature dependence of phase stability

  16. Response of melting temperature to the applied pressure

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