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Perspective on Distance Learning - Ghana. Ben Mensah, University of Cape Coast Presented at eSTEeM International Workshop on Distance Learning, Open University, UK, April 18-21, 2011. Outline. Development of Distance Learning in Ghana – historical review
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Perspective on Distance Learning - Ghana Ben Mensah, University of Cape Coast Presented at eSTEeM International Workshop on Distance Learning, Open University, UK, April 18-21, 2011
Outline • Development of Distance Learning in Ghana – historical review • Current State of Distance Learning • Public Universities • Other institutions • Prospects and Challenges
Background to DE in Ghana • Immediate post-independence: ‘correspondence’ courses for academic and professional qualifications • Offered by institutions outside Ghana – mainly the UK (Wolsey Hall, Rapid Results College) • Subscription dropped in the 1970’s and ‘80s for economic reasons
National need for Distance Learning • As a viable alternative for manpower development • especially in training of teachers • Expansion of access to basic education • For upgrading qualifications of teachers • To expand access to university education • Various attempts have been made to provide opportunities for distance learning at tertiary level
Need for DE • Assessment of DE needs: 1991-1994 the Commonwealth of Learning and UNESCO • 4 public universities began preparations for distance delivery of programmes • 1995: Government approves DE programmes to begin in all (4) public universities • 1996: National Distance Education Council established 1997: Ghana Distance Education Association (GHADEA) inaugurated
Institute of Adult Education in 1970 • Established in 1970 • 5938 students registered by 1976 • Enrolment down to 12 by 1984 • Currently runs a diploma programme in Youth Development work for students in Ghana, Sierra Leone and the Gambia • As of 2009, had 4500 students
Centre for Continuing Education Established in 1997 to administer DE programmes First intake was 750 students in 2001 for Diploma in Basic Education
UCC • Currently runs: • Diploma programmes in Business (Commerce and Management) • Post-Diploma: Education and Business • MEd IT • Total no. of programmes: 14 • Course on HIV / AIDS and associated stigma (with UG, UEW and SFU)
UCC • 2010/2011 – 10,500 admitted (cf. 5,081 residential) • 43% female (35%) • The current population of students is close to 30,000, with 32 study centres • Completion rate average 77% between 2004 and 2009. • Plans to build regional study centres / satellite campuses • Staff- capacity-building programmes in place
Centre for Continuing Education, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Student Support • Resident tutors in all regions • 1786 course tutors • Bi-monthly face-to-face sessions
Distance Education at UEW • Administered by the Institute for Educational Development and Extension • Established 1993, with financial support from the DfID (the ODA) • Print-based DE programme began in 1998 with 198 students on 3 year post-diploma degree in Education • Now runs diploma and post-diploma programmes in Basic Education and postgraduate diploma in mentorship
UEW • Have plans to start M.Ed. programmes Science, Maths and Language Education • Current enrolment c. 23,000
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology • Institute for Distance Learning (IDL) • IDL started in 2005 • 8 study centres, one each in 8 of 10 regions • Enrolment– 2575 (2009/2010) • with c. 70% in 2 centres – Accra and Kumasi • 2,288 admitted for 2010-2011
IDL - KNUST Programmes • Commonwealth Executive Masters in Business Administration (CEMBA) • Commonwealth Executive Masters in Public Administration (CEMPA) • Proficiency Certificate in Architectural Draughtsmanship (PCAD)
Other Institutions/Facilities • Teacher Education Division, Ghana Education Service • African Virtual University • KludjesonInternational (UNISA), West Africa Resource Centre (Leicester University) BesworldCompany (OU)
Challenges/Needs • Staff training • Development of course material • Conversion of print-based to electronic instructional material • Equipment for electronic delivery • Practical work in Science • Perceptions of parity of qualifications obtained through distance and conventional programmes
Conclusion • Significant advances made in Distance Education Ghana in the last decade • Opening up access to tertiary education, freeing learners from the constraints of time and place and offering flexible learning opportunities. • A number of challenges need to be overcome for further development of DE
Acknowledgments • These sources of information are acknowledged: • Ahiatrogah P.D., Mabenga, M.B., Brew, E.D., Adu, S. and Asabere-Ameyaw A. (2006). Overview of Distance Education Programmes in Ghana. Presented at Workshop on Modern Distance Education and Network Education for African Educators, Jilin University, Changchun, Sept. 2-21 • Centre for Continuing Education, University of Cape Coast (CCEUCC) • KNUST website - http://idl.knust.edu.gh/ • http://www.knust.edu.gh/pages/news.php?siteid=knust&id=342 • UG Website - http://www.ug.edu.gh/ • W.H.K. Hordzi - University of Education, Winneba (UEW)