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35.2: Nutrition

35.2: Nutrition. What substances are essential for body function?. Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Mineral Vitamins water. What is a carbohydrate?. Carbohydrates are starches and sugars Q: What is the difference between the two?

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35.2: Nutrition

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  1. 35.2: Nutrition

  2. What substances are essential for body function? • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Mineral • Vitamins • water

  3. What is a carbohydrate? • Carbohydrates are starches and sugars • Q: What is the difference between the two? • A: starches are complex (takes longer to break down), ex. Bread, potatoes, rice, corn, beans, pasta. Sugars are simple carbohydrates, ex.: mostly found in fruits such as plums, strawberries and bananas.

  4. Are there indigestible carbohydrates? • Yes! Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate found in plants. Ex. Bran and spinach • Q: Why would we eat something we can’t digest? • A: It aids in waste elimination.

  5. FATS,..Who needs ‘em? • EVERYONE! • Fats are essential for cellular structure and many chemical processes, including hormone production. • Q: Which fats are the “good” fats? • A: Any that are found in natural foods, avocado, nuts, and meats.

  6. Proteins • Q: For what does the body use proteins? • A: enzymes, hormones, and antibodies are all types of proteins. They are also used for digestion, part of muscle, and cell structures. • Q: What foods contain proteins? • A: meats, nuts, beans, eggs

  7. Minerals and Vitamins • Mineral: an inorganic substance that serves as a building material or takes part in a chemical reaction. 4% of your total body weight (mostly in your skeleton). NOT an energy source. • Vitamin: Organic nutrients required to maintain growth and metabolism. Two kinds fat soluble (stored in liver, too much = TOXIC) and water soluble (can’t store, need on daily basis)

  8. WATER • Drink it! Lots of it! At least 8-16oz. glasses per day.It makes up 60% of RBC and 75% of muscle cells. • Q: What does it do? • A: Allows body to perform chemical reactions, digest food, maintain body temperature. • Q: How much do you lose per day? • A: 2.5 L through exhalation, sweat, and urine

  9. What is a calorie? • The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1mL of water by 1degree Celsius. A Calorie raises 1L of water 1 degree Celsius • 1 g of fat contains 9 calories • Q:How do you gain weight? • A: Consume more Calories than you burn off. • Q: How do you lose weight? • A: Burn more Calories than you consume.

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