Photojournalism

1. Photojournalism

2. People Behind the Scenes • Photo Editor = interacts with editorial staff and photographers, edits photos. • Brainstorm about how to tell the story. • Provides the photographer with a list of students the staff wants “shot” and when and where to find them. • Discuss possible difficulties with the assignment. • Determine the amount of film and speed of film needed. • Set a deadline for the shooting, processing, and contact sheet. • Staff Photographer = workhorse of the photo staff. • Keeps up with photo assignments. • Has a camera and film – always ready to shoot! • Gets film processed in a timely manner. • Keeps negatives and contact sheets in an easily retrievable format. • Provides creative ideas for photographic coverage and feature photos. • Works as part of a team to make deadlines.

3. Search for survivors after the mudslide

4. How to Prepare for a Photo Shoot • Determine where to go and when to be there. Get directions! • Be there early. (Go early and stay late, the best shots happen at unscheduled times.) • Evaluate the lighting situation. • Determine the number of rolls of film necessary. • Pack extra batteries. • Have extra equipment (filters, tripod, flash, telephoto lens)

5. The entire village of Guinsaugon was obliterated.

6. During the Shoot • Get the photos that were specifically assigned. • Look for opportunities for feature photos that could enhance the story. • Mark each roll of film with a number and film speed, record in a notebook what is on each roll. • Stay for the entire shoot. • Get full names, titles, grades, etc.

7. One million people flocked to Copacabana beach in Rio de Janeiro, for a free concert by The Rolling Stones

8. After the Shoot • Record information about the people, event, etc. that might provide a good caption. • Process the film promptly. • Make a contact sheet. Suggest which photos the editor may wish to use. • Print the selected photos promptly and attach a sheet with captions.

9. 2004 Madrid Subway Bombing

10. Qualities of a Good Photo • Captures an action, reaction, or emotion. • Camera angle – go up, go down, go anywhere unconventional. • Selective focus – consider blurring the background and or foreground to keep your target the main focus. • Framing – create a frame around the subject using its surroundings. • Contrast – contrast light and dark or action and inaction • Natural diagonals and curves – avoid uniformity, look for shapes and diagonals (standing on different steps rather than same height and depth, etc.) • Three-dimensionality – Have a foreground, middle ground and background to show depth in your photos.

11. This 9-11 photo is a good example of framing

12. Quality and Composition • Photo blacks and whites should be true blacks and whites. • Details should be clear. • Colors in color photos should be true. • Photos should be free of scratches, fingerprints, and lint.

13. The 2004 Tsunami

14. Cropping • Cropping = cutting unnecessary portions of the photo. • 3 Opportunities to crop a photo • Photographer makes the first crop when he zooms in or out to take the photo. • Second crop can be made in the darkroom. • Final crop is when the editor marks which parts of the photo should be scanned and printed.

15. The 2004 Tsunami

16. Rules of Composition • Fill the frame – avoid excess or dead space around your subject. • Follow the rule of thirds – divide the photo into a tic-tac-toe board. Do not center the photo, place it in one of the intersections. • Use leading lines – people visually follow lines, so using lines is a good way to get the viewer to focus on important things, follow the line . . . • Use repetition or patterns • Avoid busy backgrounds and mergers (poles out of heads, etc)

17. Good lines: A Somali soldier walks inside a ruined church in Mogadishu. 3-29-07

18. Water spills over a levee in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina 30 August, 2005 in New Orleans, Louisiana.

19. Writing a Good Caption • Lead-in – punchy one to three word phrase that is clever and catchy (not clichéd or trite) • First Sentence – use present tense and a complete subject and verb. Talks about the content and action of the photo. Identify all of the people in the photo. • Second Sentence – past tense. Connect photo to something happening outside of the photo, to the larger story.

20. Thousands turned out to enjoy carnival festivities in New Orleans, Louisiana, February 19, 2006.

21. The Photo Essay • Photo Essay = a story told through photos and captions.

24. Extreme freeride : Estanislao Vasiuk of Argentina jumps during the Xtreme ski freeride contest

25. Polar bear cub Knut plays during its first presentation in Berlin zoo, March 23, 2007.

26. A partial eclipse of the sun is seen behind a dragon sculpture in Nanjing, in China’s eastern Jiangsu Province, Monday, Mar. 19, 2007. The partial eclipse began at 9.34am and was visible across China for almost two hours.

27. Two 45-day-old white lion cubs play inside a zoo in Harbin, northeast China's Heilongjiang Province March 8, 2007. The cubs will be released back into the wild. Picture taken March 8, 2007.

28. President George W. Bush reacts as he listens to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi during the annual Radio and Television Correspondents Association dinner March 28, 2007.

31. A member of the French acrobatic basketball team "Crazy Dunkers" performs during a show in Riga April 1, 2007. The group, which was formed in 1993 and has since performed more than 1,000 shows on five continents, currently holds three Guinness World Records.

32. Ryan Lochte (front) of the U.S. and compatriot Aaron Peirsol start the men's 200m backstroke swimming final at the World Aquatics Championship in Melbourne March 30, 2007. Lochte won the race in a new world record time of 1:54.32. (David Callow/Reuters)

33. A man holds a little dog during Saint Lazaro's celebration in Masaya, some 25 kms (15 miles ) south of Managua, Sunday, March 25, 2007. Every year hundreds of parishioners take their dogs, most dressed up in costumes, to ask Saint Lazaro for their health.

34. A woman gets a close look at cherry blossoms at a Tokyo park. Japan's red-faced weathermen declared the cherry blossom season open in Tokyo on Tuesday, an excuse for drunken revelry across the country but an annual headache for the forecasters.