What We Will Learn Today:

1. What We Will Learn Today: What areas did Progressives think were in need of greatest reform?

2. Progressivism in the US • 4 Main Goals • Protect Social Welfare • Promote Moral Improvement • Creating Economic Reform • Fostering Efficiency

3. Lets Start with African Americans • After Reconstruction governments found ways to take rights away • Jim Crow Laws – • Poll Tax – • Grandfather Clause – prior to 1866… • Literacy Tests - Why were these effective?

4. Discrimination Continued Segregation became a reality. There were Jim Crow railroad cars, jury boxes and bibles, cemeteries, restaurants, parks, beaches, hospitals, etc.

5. Racial Etiquette • Blacks and Whites never _______ • Blacks had to yield on ______ • Blacks had to remove their ___ • If you didn’t do these things this was the result…

7. Plessy v Ferguson • 1896 Court Case challenging segregation • Homer Plessy – an AA sat in the White section of a __________ • Supreme Court said that this did not violate the ________ • Created the slogan of “Separate but Equal” What's wrong with this?

8. Booker T Washington Believed racism would end when AA’s became _________ Founded the Tuskegee Institute – offered _____ Believed it would take T______ Two Different Leaders “No race can prosper till it learns that there is as Much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem.”

9. WEB DuBois 1st AA to receive a PhD from _______ Disagreed with Booker wanted ______ inclusion into white society Formed the _______ movement Two Different Leaders Do it NOW!!

10. Ida B Wells Owned a newspaper named Free Speech Focal point of the paper was ________ What is that?? One More Leader…

12. Now lets take a look at some scenes from America. Notice any problems???

13. Women Make Progress

24. How did they solve the problems? • YMCA – goals? • Temperance and Prohibition • WCTU- What did they do? • Muckrakers – exposed problems • The Jungle! – written by ______ • Exposed problems in the ________

25. Muckrakers • Jacob Riis (How the Other Half Lives) - evils of city life (plus photography) • Upton Sinclair (The Jungle) - meat packing industry • Ida Tarbell (History of the Standard Oil Company) - unethical business practices • Lincoln Steffens (The Shame of Our Cities) - corruption of city governments • Thomas Nast - political cartoonist (Coca-Cola Santa Claus) - went after Boss Tweed

27. Women Make Gains & Suffer Setbacks Susan B. _________ and Elizabeth Cady Stanton formed the National Women Suffrage Association - NWSA By 1906 only __ states allowed WYOMING UTAH COLORADO IDAHO

28. What We Will Learn Today: What did Roosevelt think government should do for citizens?

29. Suffragettes Susan B Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Carrie Catt, Alice Paul NAWSA / NWP Women finally get the right to vote! How did they do this 1st Went to ______ Attempted to _____ Picketing where? 19th Amendment

30. 19th Amendment provides full suffrage to women in all the states, 1920.

31. Election Reforms • Initiative (bill organized by the people) • Referendum (vote on the initiative) • Recall (enabled public officials to be removed from office) • 17th Amendment (Direct election of senators) - popular vote vs. appointment by state legislatures What did all of this accomplish?

32. Reforming Government A direct primary allows voters, rather than party leaders, to select candidates to run for office. The initiative is bill that allows voters to organize a bill Progressives Reform the Political Process In Order to Reform Society Historical significance: increases citizen participation in government. In a referendum, voters vote on a bill The secret ballot prevents party bosses (and anyone else) from knowing how people vote.

33. Teddy Roosevelt • Who is this guy? • Wealthy upbringing – spent time in ____ & ____ • Eventually came back for politics • Police Commissioner • Assistant Secretary of the Navy • War hero in Spanish-American War

34. Teddy as President • Teddy comes to power • Elected ____ of NY but some not happy – what do they do? – Whoops! • Used presidency as a “Bully Pulpit” ?

35. Roosevelt as President

36. A“Square Deal” for the American People • Busting up Trusts – helped create _____ • Acted as watchdogs just like… • Role during Anthracite Coal Strike… • Passed Mann Elkins Act / Hepburn Act • Regulated ______ • After reading ____ passed the Meat Inspection and Pure Food and Drug Act

37. Tree Hugging Teddy Bear • John Muir convinced to declare 148 million acres National Parks-more than any other president • Strived for a balance between conservation and business… • Roosevelt never addressed __________ • Booker T vs. WEB DuBois • Booker T invited the White House • DuBois started the _____

40. Roosevelt didn’t want to serve again so he picked • William Howard Taft – and took a trip to _____ - Roosevelt’s Secretary of War - Never wanted to become _________ - 340 lbs

41. Progressivism Under Taft-that would hurt! • Against _______ Election slogan • “Vote for Taft this time you can vote for Bryan anytime” Presidency • Angered Progressivist by signing Payne Aldrich Tariff—compromise on tariffs • Angered conservationists – Sec. of Interior did what? • He did break up ____ & get stuck…

42. Election of 1912 • Roosevelt back from Africa and mad!! • Runs for 3rd Term under _______ • Called Taft “a fathead” with the brain of a Guinea pig” • Taft said Roosevelt was “a dangerous egotist” • Wilson—Democrat offering new ideas – Gov of NJ and President of _____ • Results…

44. OK Wilson’s Pres now what… • Wilson’s father and grandparents were ____ • Domestic Agenda was called New _______ • Supporting small business – creating opportunities • Underwood Tariff – doing _______ • 16th Amendment – creating _______ income tax • Federal Reserve Act – banks placed under control of the Federal Reserve Board – which means? • Clayton Antitrust Act—didn’t allow what? • FTC—setup as a “Watchdog”

45. “There’s no chance of progress and reform in an administration in which war plays the principle part” Progressivism Leaves…

46. Progressivisms Legacy I don't like them... I agree too! Me either... • Political Changes – i______, r_______, r______ • 16th, 17th,18th,19th Amendments – did what? • Economy – All three anti ______ , Federal Reserve Board, FTC • Environmental Impacts – • Racism??