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Molecular Geometry

Molecular Geometry. NCSCOS Essential Standard Chm 1.2.3. I. VSEPR Theory. Valance Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Gives molecules their shape Pairs of electron repel to be as far apart as possible. II. Shapes (Geometries). Linear A 2 ex: F 2 AB ex: HCl AB 2 (with a double bond) ex: CO 2.

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Molecular Geometry

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  1. Molecular Geometry NCSCOS Essential Standard Chm 1.2.3

  2. I. VSEPR Theory • Valance Shell Electron Pair Repulsion • Gives molecules their shape • Pairs of electron repel to be as far apart as possible

  3. II. Shapes (Geometries) • Linear • A2 ex: F2 • AB ex: HCl • AB2 (with a double bond) ex: CO2 carbon dioxide

  4. Trigonal Planar • AB3 • no unshared pairs of electrons • Usually occurs w/ elements that do not fulfill the octet rule (ex: B) • BH3

  5. Tetrahedral • AB4 • No unshared pairs of electrons • Ex: CH4

  6. Bent or Angular • AB2E2 • 2 unshared pairs of electrons • Ex: H2O = OH2

  7. Trigonal Pyramidal • AB3E • 1 pair of unshared electrons • Ex: NH3

  8. III. Molecule Polarity • Polar Molecules: opposite ends of the molecule contain opposite partial charges. • Electrons are not distributed evenly across the molecule • Ex: H2O • All molecules that have E, and some linear.

  9. Nonpolar Molecules: no opposite charges • Electrons are evenly distributed across the entire molecule • All molecules that do not have an E & diatomic molecules. • Ex: CH4 • Ex: Cl2

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