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KETONE MONITORING

KETONE MONITORING. Hypoglycemia & Hyperglycemia. Monitoring Blood Glucose. Health & Learning. Legal Rights. Glucagon Administration. Exercise. Insulin Administration. Nutrition. Overall Goal: Optimal student health and learning.

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KETONE MONITORING

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  1. KETONE MONITORING

  2. Hypoglycemia& Hyperglycemia Monitoring Blood Glucose Health & Learning Legal Rights Glucagon Administration Exercise Insulin Administration Nutrition Overall Goal: Optimal student health and learning Ketone monitoring is critical to student success. But just one piece of comprehensive management plan. Ketones

  3. Learning Objectives Participants will learn: • What ketones are • Why ketones are monitored • When ketones should be monitored • How to perform a ketone test • When to contact parent/guardian or student’s health care provider

  4. Why Test for Ketones? • Ketones result when the body does not have enough insulin to meet its needs and uses fats for energy. • Ketones may occur when insulin is not given, during illness or extreme bodily stress, or with dehydration. • Ketones can cause abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or even brain damage if levels get high enough. • Acids (ketones)can build up and result in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). • Ketone testing should be part of the Diabetes Medical Management Plan (DMMP)

  5. What is DKA? • Acids (ketones)build up in body and cause student to feel illand may give a “fruity” odor to the breath. • DKA usually develops over hours, or even days, unless the student has an insulin pump and it happens faster. • Criticalemergency state, can lead to coma, death. • Common symptoms include fruity odor to breath, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, abdominal pain. • Number one reason for hospitalizing children with diabetes. • Early detection and treatment of ketones prevents hospitalizations.

  6. How to test urine ketones 1. Gather supplies 2. Student urinates in clean cup 3. Put on gloves, if performed by someone other than student 4. Dip the ketone test strip in the cup containing urine. Shake off excess urine. 5. Wait 15 - 60 seconds 6. Read results at designated time 7. Record results, take action per DMMP

  7. Test Results: Color code • no ketones • trace • small • moderate • large ketones present

  8. Ketone Considerations • Colors on strips and timing vary according to brand • If using a scale with “urine glucose” and “urine ketones,” be sure to read the correct scale when testing for ketones. • Follow package instructions regarding expiration dates, time since opening, correct handling, etc., as incorrect results may occur.

  9. Treatment of Ketones DMMP specifies for an individual student. • free use of bathroom • sugar-free liquids • insulin as per DMMP • no physical activity • if vomiting or lethargic, call parents Generally:

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