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Is There L ife O ut T here? Our Solar System (and beyond)

Is There L ife O ut T here? Our Solar System (and beyond). Draw a picture of what you think life would look like on another planet, if it existed. Describe why you drew that image. What makes Earth a great place for life?.

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Is There L ife O ut T here? Our Solar System (and beyond)

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  1. Is There Life Out There? Our Solar System (and beyond) Draw a picture of what you think life would look like on another planet, if it existed. Describe why you drew that image. What makes Earth a great place for life?

  2. http://www.fromquarkstoquasars.com/galaxy-classifications-from-dwarfs-to-spirals-and-beyond/http://www.fromquarkstoquasars.com/galaxy-classifications-from-dwarfs-to-spirals-and-beyond/

  3. Where are we? http://nineplanets.org/ http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Earth%27s_Location_in_the_Universe_SMALLER_%28JPEG%29.jpg

  4. Our Sun http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/524990main_FAQ10_full.jpg • How did it form? • Basic facts • 99.8% of mass • 100x diameter of Earth • 5,527oC • 92.1% H, 7.8% He • Plasma • Sun today • Main source of Earth’s energy

  5. How do we get the Sun’s energy? • Definitions • Thermal energy • Temperature • Heat • Types of heat • Occur in different parts of the Sun • Core • Dense, hottest • Hydrogen fusion • Conduction

  6. Radiation Zone • Radiation • Energy transfer (heat) • Light waves • Also how energy gets to Earth • Energy moves slowly • Thick layer

  7. Daily Review #1 • Video • Write down your observations • Why did that happen? • How are conduction and radiation similar? • Give a real-life example of conduction, and radiation making an object warmer. • What is something surprising that you learned about the Sun?

  8. Convection Zone • Uses convection • In liquids and gases • Material heated (conduction) • Rises….why? • Sinks….why? • Repeat • Where else does this happen? • Moves more quickly in this layer

  9. Outer Solar Structure • Photosphere • Visible surface • Chromosphere • Red • High speed gas • Corona • Hot • Outermost layer • Seen during an eclipse

  10. Sunspots http://oneminuteastronomer.com/1018/sunspots/ • Dark • Cooler than nearby areas • Appear in pairs

  11. Daily Review #2 Complete sun structure worksheet, except #9 and 10 Describe the difference between radiation, convection and conduction.

  12. Sun’s Magnetic Field http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-205_162-57597396/ http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/electromagnetism/magnetism.html • What is a magnetic field? • What causes a magnetic field? • Organized charged particles • In the Sun? • Because it’s a plasma • Constantly changes

  13. Sunspots and Magnetic Field • Intense magnetic field • Lines go out and in

  14. Sunspot Cycle • Predictable cycle • 11-years • Next maximum = 2013, very weak • Minimums • Last = 2008/2009 • Also low # of prominences, flares • Cooler climate on Earth http://academic.emporia.edu/aberjame/student/johnson5/sunspotcycle.html

  15. Rotation and Magnetic Field Lines Different rotation rates Magnetic field lines get wound up

  16. Surface Features – Disturbances of the Magnetic Field http://www.space.com/11506-space-weather-sunspots-solar-flares-coronal-mass-ejections.html • Solar flares • High energy • Explosive • Twisted until it snaps • Prominence • Reversal of poles in that area • Follow magnetic field lines into space • Loops/arches http://spacefellowship.com/news/art21967/the-strange-case-of-solar-flares-and-radioactive-elements.html

  17. CME http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/browse/2013/10/14/index.shtml http://www.empcover.com/solar-storm-coronal-mass-ejection.html • Coronal Mass Ejections • Massive eruption • Rearranges magnetic field lines • One hit on 9/16/14 • Effects on Earth • Danger to astronauts • Damage electronics • Satellites • Electrical system

  18. Solar Wind • Hot, high speed, plasma streams • Corona expanding • Constant • Particles constantly hitting Earth • Disrupt magnetic field shape of Earth • Create aurora

  19. Aurora http://www.public.iastate.edu/~sdk/fick2003/october.html • Borealis or Australis • Interaction of particles and magnetic field • Particles drawn to poles • Colors • Elements • Altitude • Constantly changing • Intensified after CME • Video http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/09/pictures/110930-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bright-colors/#/space163-aurora-borealis-from-space_41077_600x450.jpg

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